EDUCATIONAL MODEL FOR DEVELOPING TOLERANCE: BASED ON THE NEEDS OF THE SOCIAL WORK FIELD.

Аннотация

В статье рассматривается образовательная модель, направленная на развитие толерантной компетентности, которая является современной и актуальной для сферы социальной работы. Толерантность гарантия социальной стабильности, межкультурного взаимопонимания и уважения прав человека. В статье раскрывается содержание толерантной установки, потребности сферы социальной работы, а также теоретико-методологические основы разработанной модели на основе эффективных форм и технологий обучения. Ключевые слова: толерантность, социальная работа, образовательная модель, компетентность, педагогический подход, межкультурная коммуникация, эмпатия. Introduction. The coexistence of a multi-ethnic, multi-faith and culturally diverse population in modern society requires the active implementation of values such as tolerance, tolerance and intercultural understanding. These 31 SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY International scientific-online conference competencies have become a professional necessity, especially for specialists working in the field of social services. The field of social work requires an empathetic and fair approach to working with people from many social categories and solving their problems. Therefore, the formation of a tolerant mindset in students studying in the field of social work is a priority task today. The content of tolerance and the needs of the field of social work Tolerance is a person's respectful approach to representatives of other worldviews, beliefs, nations, cultures, the ability to show empathy and compromise. This is not only a personal quality, but also a necessary competence in social activity. Needs of the field of social work: • Working with people with disabilities; • Communication with the elderly, lonely people and people with disabilities; • Working with migrants and national minorities; • Working with victims of violence and troubled families.[1] These activities require a high level of intercultural sensitivity and tolerance. The need for an educational model focused on developing tolerance Traditional education emphasizes the provision of knowledge. However, in social work education, the development of personal competencies, especially skills such as tolerance, empathy, and communication culture, is a priority. In this context, it is necessary to develop an educational model focused on developing tolerance. The educational model focused on developing tolerance is a systematic pedagogical approach aimed at developing social and moral values in students, such as tolerance, mutual respect, and tolerance for the opinions and beliefs of others. The main goal of this model is to form social responsibility and a positive attitude towards differences in students, as well as to develop skills for effective communication with different groups in society. The main goals of the educational model aimed at building tolerance: • Understanding and respecting others: Teaching students to accept differences in different cultures, nationalities, religions and beliefs. • Developing empathy and sympathy: Encouraging students to understand the situation of others and to be sincere towards their situation. 32 SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY International scientific-online conference • Constructive problem solving: Teaching compromise and tolerant approaches to resolving social conflicts.[2] Methods used in education to build tolerance: 1. Interactive educational methods: o Training and psychological exercises: Conducting various psychological exercises and trainings to develop empathy and gentleness towards others in students. o Role-playing games and dramas: Teaching students to communicate effectively with others using role-playing games and dramatic approaches aimed at understanding differences and building tolerance. 2. Case Study: To develop students’ skills in understanding the position of others and solving problems positively through the analysis of real-life examples and situations. 3. Social Projects and Assignments: To develop students’ ability to work with diverse groups, collaborate, and build mutual respect through projects and activities related to social issues. 4. Intercultural communication: Teaching intercultural communication and encouraging them to show kindness towards each other. This method helps students to better understand other cultures and different societies.[3] The main components of the educational model aimed at forming tolerance: 1. Cognitive component: Theoretical knowledge about tolerance is taught: stereotypes about others, ethnic and cultural differences, social justice, human rights, etc. Students are given the opportunity to learn about other cultures and ways of life, to understand differences. 2. Emotional component: Developing empathy in students, understanding the situation of others, kindness and sympathy for others. Through this component, students learn to feel mutual respect, patience and tolerance. 3. Moral componen