Increasing the role of Uzbekistan in the international labor market, focusing on European countries, not Asian countries

Аннотация

This research compare the disadvantages and opportunities facing Uzbekistan in its efforts to improve its position in the international labor market. It analyzes the current situation of state of Uzbekistan’s workforce, identifies key areas for improvemеnt, and explores strategies for еnhancing competitiveness and promoting labor mobility. The article considers factors such as, minimum wage, unemployment, labor market policies, and the attraction of foreign investment, offering recommendations for strengthening Uzbekistan's role in the global economy. Our study specifically used time series models, namely OLS and VAR models. Through these studies, we can know exactly which areas are failing and which areas we can focus on to achieve the desired results. However, it also shows how low the effectiveness of the actions we are currently taking is. Keywords: Labor market, migration, employability, workforce, labor migration. communication, problem-solving, and adaptability. Introduction: A substantial portion of Uzbekistan's population is young and of working age. This presents However, Uzbekistan's participation in the both a challenge (providing adequate employment) international labor market is very low. Migration flows and an opportunity (developing a skilled workforce). from foreign countries are high only to a few Asian There's a notable mismatch between the skills countries, while the number of labor migration flows to possessed by the labor force and the needs of the European countries is very low. Uzbekistan's overall modern global job market. Many workers lack the low participation suggests a lack of connection with the necessary technical and soft skills (e.g., language global labor market. This could be due to limited proficiency, digital literacy). A significant portion of the awareness of opportunities, language barriers, and workforce is engaged in the informal sector, which insufficient skills. Most Uzbek workers who are active presents challenges for labor rights and tracking labor in the international labor market often occupy low- market trends. Underemployment and job insecurity skilled, low-paying jobs. This limits their potential are problems. Many workers may be employed, but not earnings, skill development, and overall contribution to to their full potential or in secure positions. Uzbekistan Uzbekistan's economy. Many migration flows are has a history of labor migration, with many workers informal, leading to reduced protection for Uzbek seeking employment in Russia and other countries. workers abroad and fewer remittances benefiting the Remittances are a significant source of income for formal economy. [ 2]. many families. The international labor market is highly The main goal of the study is to increase the role of competitive. Workers from Uzbekistan need to Uzbekistan in the labor market and thereby increase demonstrate competitiveness compared to workers the share of benefits from it in Uzbekistan. The main from other countries. The global economy requires questions asked in this regard are: workers with advanced skills in technology, International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental 101 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijmef International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental (ISSN: 2771-2257) • What is the current skill set of Uzbek workers, and countries, especially when they are just entering the how does it align with international labor market labor market. In such studies, researchers focused on demands? This probes into the skills mismatch and the number of unemployed people and the average or identifies areas needing improvement. minimum wage of the population in the country. Research aims to identify shortcomings and • To what extent are current government policies and recommend perfect solutions in a short period of time. labor market regulations enabling or hindering Solving such problems has been shown to have positive Uzbekistan's competitiveness in the international labor effects on economic growth. market? This explores policy effectiveness and needed reforms. For example, B.Wilges (2022) emphasizes that the main area of focus in entering the international labor market • What are the current migration patterns for Uzbek is to further support the improvement of the workers, and what are the economic and social knowledge and skills of the population under the age of outcomes of those patterns, both for Uzbekistan and 40 and ensure their departure to work abroad. The for workers themselves? This looks at current trends main problem faced is the lack of practical skills among and their implications. the population under the age of 40. The main focus of • What are the specific barriers preventing Uzbek his article is on this problem and as a solution he workers from accessing higher-paying, higher-skilled emphasizes the need to increase the number of jobs in European and other developed economies? This educational institutions that teach courses