METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF FORMING LEGAL EDUCATION AMONG JUVENILES

Аннотация

This article analyzes the fact that crimes committed among minors are a pedagogical problem, and the methodological foundations of the formation of upbringing and legal education in their prevention. Keywords: Minor, crime, society, juvenile justice, social problem, legal education, educational method, criminality, criminal responsibility. As a person grows up, under the influence of the internal and external environment, his own personal world, in the language of psychologists, is formed. In this process, the friends and peers of young people during adolescence, the environment surrounding him, and the family environment have a great influence. At the same time, the direction in which the child's worldview and interests are directed during adolescence also affects his spiritual world. In this process, the topics of conversation in his relationship with people in his world, the films he watches, and the sentences he hears in conversations play a decisive role. For example, seeing the success of the criminal heroes in the actions of the characters in the films he watches gives them the understanding that such actions can also lead him to success. Even if the life or career of the film's characters ends in tragedy, their fame in the criminal world seems to bury this fact. Therefore, it is recommended that the supervision of adolescents, their circle of friends, who they communicate with, their interests and worldview be strictly monitored by parents, neighborhoods, and educational institutions, and that supervisory institutions work together. In this regard, it is appropriate to pay attention to the concept of juvenile justice related to juvenile delinquency [1]. The concept of juvenile justice reflects such concepts as child delinquency, types of criminal liability for crimes committed by children, and methods of treatment of children by the court, institutions for juvenile delinquents, and methods of preventing delinquency. It is appropriate to apply these processes in the conditions of Uzbekistan based on the national mentality. In this process, special attention is required to the criminological security of adolescents. If we analyze the concept and content of criminological security of adolescents as an object of criminal threat, we can see that the situation is 28 SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY International scientific-online conference ensuring the security of the security system of minors. It can be said that in the sphere of relations under consideration, the subject of ensuring criminal security solves the tasks of an educational and preventive nature set by the object through methods and means of persuasion, in particular, education, upbringing, enlightenment. Here, the process involves solving the issues of education of a minor who has not yet mastered them, which consist not only in the formation of certain knowledge, but also in the skills of applying this knowledge. Among them, self-defense methods and the legal basis for their application are also envisaged, for example, preventing or deterring attempts to involve property in criminal activity. This situation is called criminological stability in scientific language. The criminological stability of a minor can be understood as the ability to understand, anticipate, avoid the risk of criminal threats, stay away from sources of criminal threats, and protect oneself in the event of a criminal attack [2]. At the same time, it is important not to forget about such aspects as the moral and legal stability of a minor. In this regard, the search for such opportunities in the education system is timely, and the implementation of such opportunities in cooperation with the “family” and “school” will undoubtedly prevent many juvenile delinquencies that may occur. In this case, the main attention should be paid to adolescents who are left without care and supervision. In the general organization of the legal socialization of minors, in addition to the family and school, the development of cooperation programs for coordinating the activities of many organizations in this area is of great importance, and the process is of great importance in preventing juvenile delinquencies. In this regard, it would also be beneficial to apply the scientific conclusions of foreign countries in practice, adapting them to our national legislation and traditions. Legal literacy is extremely important not only for a person to protect his own rights, but also to respect the rights of others, not to harm their interests, not to be subject to legal liability, to fully use the rights and privileges enshrined in law, and to fulfill his obligations to the state and society [3]. Moreover, the development of a country directly depends on the level of legal literacy of the population. In his speech at the first session of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan on January 20, 2020, the Head of our state Sh.M. Mirziyoyev noted with regret that t