CHEAP BREAD FOR EUROPEANS, EXPENSIVE FOR MUSLIMS: SOCIAL WELFARE OF THE UZBEK PEOPLE, 1917–1940

Аннотация

As a result of the colonial policy pursued by the Russian Empire, the Turkestan region endured severe economic hardships. The region’s economy was subordinated to the interests of the Russian state, leading to the deterioration of the population’s material well-being. During the First World War, the conscription of Turkestan's population for labor duties (mardikorlik) and the redirection of the local economy toward the needs of the front significantly intensified social problems. Between 1917 and 1940, the policies implemented by both Tsarist and Soviet authorities often prioritized the needs of Russian settlers over the indigenous Muslim population.