SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON STYLISTIC REPRESENTATION

Аннотация

stylistic image is mainly considered as a method used to express certain images and emotions in literature and art. The social context, as well as cultural traditions and values, directly affect the formation and development of stylistic images. Social influences, such as social strata, customs, and problems in society, enrich the content of stylistic images. Also, cultural influences, including historical events, national values, and art trends, play an important role in the selection and use of stylistic elements. Key words: stylistic image, society, social strata, art trends, historical events, aesthetics, social problems, stylistic elements. https://scientific-jl.com/new 33 11 88 Volume–77_Issue-1_May-2025 JOURNAL OF NEW CENTURY INNOVATIONS Stylistics means (from Greek stylos – writing, writing stick), stylistics is a branch of linguistics that studies language styles, studies the essence and features of the functional layering of the language at the lexical-phraseological, phonetic, morphological, word-formation and syntactic levels from the point of view of synchrony and diachrony, and describes the norms and methods of using the literary language in various linguistic situations, in various types and genres of written literature, and in various spheres of social life. Stylistics studies the semantic and expressive subtleties of parallel synonymous language expressions, the interrelated variants of linguistic units. In such variants, it is possible to choose among them the one necessary for a particular speech situation. Modern stylistics was understood differently in different linguistic directions and schools, while each point of view, due to the diversity of style, which is the main subject of study of stylistics, had its own objective basis. Stylistics is inextricably linked with language norms. Stylistics, in turn, was divided into such types as functional stylistics, stylistics of linguistic units, textual stylistics, stylistics of fiction (artistic speech), applied stylistics, comparative stylistics, historical stylistics. Functional stylistics studies and describes the stratification of the literary language on the basis of its historically formed manifestations (functional- linguistic units), that is, the system of styles, the laws of the internal structural formation of this system. Functional stylistics developed general principles for the typological classification and separation of the main functional stylistic units of the literary language, which are the subject of theoretical research. The stylistics of linguistic units studied the application (application) of units of all levels in the literary language in ordinary speech situations, in texts of various semantic and expressive content, from the point of view of existing language norms. In this regard, it was important to compare the stylistic coloring of variants of linguistic units (variant forms, parallel structures, lexical and syntactic synonyms). The stylistics of linguistic units, on the one hand, was directly related to functional stylistics, and on the other hand, it was very close to textual stylistics. The formation, development and study of stylistics as a science dates back to antiquity in the West, and to the Middle Ages in the East. Stylistics in Eastern countries, including Uzbekistan, although not as a field as it is today, has been taught as part of linguistics (grammar, vocabulary), literary studies (scientific literature, allegory, interpretation), as well as scientific essays, sermons, and oratory. In the last century, stylistics in Uzbekistan, especially general-functional stylistics and stylistics of fiction, began to form and develop as an independent branch of science. Writers such as Fitrat, Cholpon, Oybek, P. Qodirov, and scientists such as M. Qoshjonov, Q. Samadov, I. Qochqortoyev, and A. Shomaqsudov made a great contribution to this. Stylistic changes and contextual problems. Stylish changes and contextual problems are one of the main challenges for a translator in the translation process. Stylistic problems are usually related to adapting the expressive features of a https://scientific-jl.com/new 33 11 99 Volume–77_Issue-1_May-2025 JOURNAL OF NEW CENTURY INNOVATIONS language specific to a particular culture to another language. The expressions, metaphors or grammatical structures used in each language often do not have direct equivalents in other languages. The importance of contextual changes. In order to preserve the meaning of the text being translated, it is necessary to have a deep understanding of its context. For example, metaphors and expressions used in the Uzbek language may have a certain historical, social or cultural basis. Uzbek: “Ko‘lingdan kelameziy isha baş urma.” This can be translated into English simply as: “Don’t take on a task you can’t handle.” However, the symbolic meaning of the word “kūl” in this expression may not be so clear in English. The social implications of stylistic image