THE USE OF CLASP DENTURES IN THE CLINIC OF ORTHOPEDIC DENTISTRY

Аннотация

The problem of dentistry in the development and creation of new dental prosthetics systems that would contribute to improving the quality of life and reducing the rehabilitation period of dental patients, at the present time, remains very relevant. Clasp prosthetics is a fairly progressive type of this field, which has a number of advantages, but also a number of disadvantages, in which this type of orthopedic treatment is not suitable in all cases of patient prosthetics. Keywords: clasp denture, clasp dentures, clasp fastening. ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ БЮГЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОТЕЗОВ В КЛИНИКЕ ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ Аннотация. Проблема стоматологии в разработке и создании новых систем зубного протезирования, которые бы способствовали улучшению качества жизни и сокращению сроков реабилитации стоматологических больных, в настоящее время остается весьма актуальной. Бюгельное протезирование является достаточно прогрессивным видом данного направления, имеющим ряд преимуществ, но и ряд недостатков, при которых данный вид ортопедического лечения подходит не во всех случаях протезирования пациентов. Ключевые слова: бюгельный протез, бюгельные протезы, кламмерное крепление. Clasp prosthetics is one of the types of removable dental prosthetics, which is currently the most convenient and advanced among the proposed types of dental prosthetics. This type of prosthesis is an arched cast metal frame, which is covered with an acrylic plastic base and artificial teeth are installed on it. It is fixed in the oral cavity using hooks-clasps, which very tightly cover the supporting tooth. Since the prosthesis has an arched metal structure, this allows you to effectively distribute the load between the teeth and gums. When compared with other similar modifications from various plastic structures, this type of prosthesis allows you to refuse to thicken the plastic layer, reduces the weight and volume of the structure, and also maintains its strength and stability. The clasp prosthesis has a number of indications for its use: 1) 1, 2, 3 class according to Kennedy, 2) if it is necessary to correct a dental anomaly, such as malocclusion, 3) when splinting, 4) in case of periodontosis of I and II degrees, the design of the clasp denture must be special – all natural teeth are included in the denture, they perform a retaining and supporting function, 5) in case of deep or decreasing bite, it is advisable to increase it with a continuous clasp located on the front upper teeth, 6) removal of a large number of teeth (immediate prosthesis), 7) absence of even one tooth (aesthetic prosthesis), 8) large-scale traumatic treatment of teeth carried out for the proposed bridge prostheses, 9) the serious condition of patients requiring prostheses, 795 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 4 10) refusal of patients to use fixed prosthetics, 11) replacement of an old, functionally incompetent prosthesis with a new one, 12) in case of galvanosis, allergic reactions of the body to metal prostheses. This type of removable denture allows fixation both on natural living teeth and on already installed or destroyed teeth or crowns. If the design of the clasp denture is chosen correctly, its fastenings will perform a reinforcing function for the teeth on which it is supported, and it is possible to extend their service life. The installation of a clasp denture is determined not so much by the number of teeth on the jaw, but by their strength, as well as the condition of the gums and oral cavity in general. So in some cases, this prosthesis can be installed even with a minimum number of teeth. Types of clasp dentures. Clasp dentures have different fixation on the remaining teeth in the oral cavity. They can be on clasps, on locks and on telescopic crowns. Different systems of fixation of dentures have both advantages and disadvantages. Clasp-type partial dentures. This design is fixed with the help of hooks-clasps, which very tightly embrace the supporting tooth. Clasps are made of metal. With their help, the prosthesis is firmly held on the jaw and transfers the load to the teeth when chewing. Clasps are most often cast together with the frame, so this design is very strong and durable. Clasps are selected individually, based on the size and shape of the teeth. Clasp clasp dentures are the best option for dental prosthetics, which have only one drawback - low aesthetics. When smiling, metal hooks may be visible in the mouth. However, this only applies to individual cases when installing a denture in another way is simply clinically impossible. It is also worth noting the higher cost of this type of dentures compared to plastic analogues. But this difference is fully justified by the fact that clasp dentures have a more complex manufacturing technology. Clasp dentures with a locking system. This type of clasp dentures does not have metal hooks, so its appearance is more aesthetic. Clasp dentures on locks have a strong lightweight bridge structure, which duri