RESEARCH ON THE METHOD FOR CALCULATING THE AMOUNT OF REACTIVE POWER AND SELECTING A COMPENSATION DEVICE

Аннотация

In the world, in order to provide consumers with high-quality and uninterrupted electricity, it is important to design and develop systems for generating a rotating magnetic field in asynchronous motors, power supply of industrial enterprises and consumer devices, using accurate and effective methods in their development, and correctly selecting the capacity of the compensation device. One of the main issues in industrial enterprises is the issue of reactive power compensation, which is explained with practical solutions. Two cases are considered in this regard. In the first case, the reactive power required by the consumer is directly transmitted from the power system. In the second case, the reactive power required by the consumer is generated by the consumer himself. As a result of comparing the two cases, the relevance of the issue of reactive power compensation and its impact on technical and economic indicators are determined, and the operation of electrical equipment in production enterprises in the specified andhighly efficient operating modes is achieved. Keywords:reactive power, compensation, tgφ–reactive power coefficient, asynchronous motors, activeand reactivepower coefficient, capacitor bank. One of the main issues considered in the design of power supply of industrial enterprises is the issue of reactive power compensation. As we know, the system generator, along with active power, also produces a certain amount of reactive power, depending on the generator's τγφ– reactive power coefficient. Analysis of the technological process of industrial enterprises shows thatthe mainpower consumers in enterprises are asynchronous motors. 93 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 10,issue2,March 2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X The power triangle is an important element of electrical power systems, facilitating power analysis. Understanding the relationship between active, reactive, and apparent power is essential for effective control of electrical systems. By increasing the power factor, system losses can be reduced and efficiency can beincreased. Figure 1shows apower trianglegraph. Figure 1shows a power triangle graph inelectrical networks. It is precisely asynchronous motors that are considered the main consumers of reactive power, that is, consumers of 60-65% of the total reactive power generated. Therefore, the consumption of reactive power in industrial enterprises is increasing relative to active power. If weanalyze themanifestations ofwaste in power networks: ∆P=R ; ∆Q=X ;∆U= 2 2 2 2 P +Q P +Q PR+QX From the above expressions for active and reactive powers, power dissipation and losses, it 2 2 U U U is clear that reactive power dissipation is directly proportional to the square of the power flowing through the network. That is, the more reactive power is transmitted to the consumer through the power grid, the greater the amount of dissipation in the grid. This leads to a deterioration in technical and economic indicators. Therefore, it is considered expedient to generate reactive powerclose to consumers. Thisuses special devices that generatereactive power. We will explain the above considerations using the following example. Two cases are considered. In the first case, the reactive power needed by the consumer is directly transmitted from the power system. In the second case, the reactive power needed by the consumer is generated by the consumer himself. As a result of comparing the two cases, the relevance of the issue of reactive power compensation and its impact on technical and economic indicators are determined. Case 1. The amount of reactive power required by the consumer is transmitted from the power system. The consumer's active power requirement is assumed to be 500 kW and the reactivepower requirement is 450kVA. S=P+jQ=500+j450. Taking into account the losses of this power in the line and transformers, the station generatortransmits 600kWofactive power and550kVA ofreactivepower. 94 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS ISSN:3030-332X Impact factor: 8,293 Volume 10,issue2,March 2025 https://wordlyknowledge.uz/index.php/IJSR worldly knowledge Index: googlescholar, research gate, research bib, zenodo,open aire. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=ru&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=wosjournals.com&btnG https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Worldly-Knowledge https://journalseeker.researchbib.com/view/issn/3030-332X Therefore, to transmit power in the amount of S=P+jQ=600+j550 through lines and transformers, it is necessary to select transformers, overhead and cable lines, and switching devices that transmit thispower. Case 2. The amount of reactive power requ