Involvement of the Government in Supporting Bioeconomy Policy in Uzbekistan From An Institutional and Legal Perspective

Аннотация

This article examines the institutional and legal measures supporting bioeconomy policy in Uzbekistan, fo-cusing on strategies for transitioning to a green economy. The authors highlight key legislative frameworks, including the Strategy for Agricultural Development (2020–2030) and the Strategy for Transition to a Green Economy (2019–2030), as foundations for sustainable economic growth. Additionally, the article explores in- ternational commitments, such as Uzbekistan's ratification of the Paris Agreement, underscoring its dedica-tion to climate goals and emission reductions. The study discusses the main challenges in developing a bioeconomy, including limited financial re-sources, public awareness, and gaps in technological infrastructure, particularly in rural regions. The authors suggest that improvements in public administration, development of sectoral statistics, and enhanced inter-national partnerships can support Uzbekistan’s bioeconomic goals. This research offers insights into Uzbeki-stan’s approach to harmonizing economic growth with environmental sustainability, providing useful per-spectives for policymakers interested in advancing bioeconomic initiatives in similar developmental contexts. Keywords: Bioeconomy, bioeconomy policy, green economy, agriculture, sustainable development, strategy. green economy is a strategic priority, as the country Introduction: In recent decades, the concept of the faces significant environmental and economic bioeconomy has gained widespread recognition amidst challenges, including vulnerability to climate change the growing global need for sustainable resource and limited water resources. Uzbekistan’s natural utilization. The bioeconomy involves using renewable resource-dependent economy and its largely rural biological resources to pro-duce goods and services, population make it particularly susceptible to risks like promoting not only economic growth but also droughts and declining water availability. The shift enhanced environmental sustainability and social well- towards sustainable practices is essen-tial for building being. This approach emphasizes the integration of resilience and ensuring a stable future for the country. environmental, economic, and social factors to achieve sustainable development goals and mitigate the The government of Uzbekistan has undertaken several adverse effects of climate change. strategic initiatives to support the bioeconomy, particu-larly within the agricultural sector, which is key For Uzbekistan, transitioning to a bioeconomy and International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental 35 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijmef International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental (ISSN: 2771-2257) to the country’s economy. One of the foundational adopting advanced technologies, including measures in-cludes the Agriculture Development biotechnology, to achieve food security and economic Strategy of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030, growth. aimed at improving food security, fostering a favorable Uzbekistan has also prioritized legal measures to agribusiness environment, and reducing the state's protect intellectual property rights in the field of direct involvement in the sector to boost its investment biotechnolo-gy. Patent laws and regulations aim to attractiveness. Furthermore, Uzbekistan has enacted encourage innovation and research by providing legal pivotal legislative measures such as the Law on the protection for new inventions and technologies. This Rational Use of Energy (1997) and subsequent not only fosters a culture of innovation but also attracts presidential decrees focused on advancing renewable investments in the bioe-conomy sector. Environmental energy and energy efficiency. These laws establish a laws are an integral part of the bioeconomy framework, framework for environmentally sustainable growth, ensuring responsible ex-ploitation of biological laying the groundwork for a comprehensive resources. These regulations establish guidelines for bioeconomy. sustainable agricultural practices, biodiversity Additionally, Uzbekistan has taken steps to align its conservation, and the mitigation of environmental bioeconomy goals with international standards. By impacts associated with bioeconomy activities. ratify-ing the Paris Agreement in 2018, the country Furthermore, Uzbekistan's legal framework promotes committed to integrating climate change international cooperation in the field of biotechnology. considerations into its sus-tainable development plans, The country actively participates in international fostering collaboration with other nations on green agreements and conventions related to biodiversity, economy initiatives. This com-mitment highlights ensuring align-ment with global standards and Uzbekistan’s alignment with global standards and its fostering collaboration with other nations in research dedication to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. and development. Since 2017, prog