THE ROLE OF PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE FORMATION AND MANIFESTATION OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS AND ALCOHOL ADDICTION

Аннотация

The role of personal characteristics in the development, progression, and manifestation of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol addiction is crucial, as individual differences can influence susceptibility to these conditions, the ways in which individuals cope with stress and trauma, and their response to treatment. Factors such as personality traits, genetic predisposition, emotional regulation abilities, and past life experiences play a significant role in determining the likelihood of developing PTSD or alcohol addiction. Additionally, the interaction between psychological resilience, social support, and behavioral tendencies can shape the severity and chronicity of these conditions, ultimately affecting treatment efficacy and long-term recovery outcomes. Understanding these individual characteristics can provide valuable insights for the development of personalized therapeutic interventions and preventive strategies. Keywords: Development, progression, manifestation, post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol addiction, individual differences. Introduction. When stress arises, individual characteristics of a person play a crucial role, as they determine how an individual perceives and responds to stressful situations. In certain conditions, specific triggers can act as psychological stress factors, influencing emotional and behavioral reactions. However, it is important to note that no single situation can universally induce stress in all individuals, as personal resilience, past experiences, coping mechanisms, and personality traits significantly shape how stress is experienced and managed [1,2]. In borderline forms of mental disorders, the primary cause of impaired cognitive adaptation lies in the weakened functioning of the mental adaptation system. According to the author, the degree and nature of cognitive dysfunction and its manifestation vary among individuals, largely 292 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 FEBRUARY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 2 depending on the rate and progression of these changes. The intensity and depth of persistent influences on the mental adaptation system play a crucial role in shaping the severity of cognitive impairment. Additionally, the literature highlights the significance of pathogenic conditions, environmental factors, and the extent and severity of their impact on mental adaptation [3-5]. These external and internal influences contribute to the complexity of mental maladaptation, affecting an individual’s ability to cope with stress, maintain psychological stability, and adjust to changing circumstances. If there is a pre-existing constitutional insufficiency of systems, whether genotypic or phenotypic, the development of neurosis may occur as a result of psychological trauma. It is believed that character accentuations, which represent an extreme variation of the norm, contribute to selective vulnerability to certain types of psychogenic influences while simultaneously demonstrating resilience or even heightened resistance to others. This suggests that individual predispositions, shaped by genetic and environmental factors, play a crucial role in determining how a person responds to psychological stressors. In some cases, these accentuations may act as protective mechanisms, enabling individuals to withstand certain pressures, while in other cases, they may increase susceptibility to specific forms of mental distress. Understanding these interactions is essential for assessing psychological resilience and developing targeted therapeutic approaches [6-9]. Several authors emphasize the role of organic brain damage in altering the clinical manifestations of psychogenic disorders, highlighting its pathological influence in shaping symptom severity and progression. They also place particular importance on additional psychogenic factors that may exacerbate these conditions. For instance, war veterans who find themselves in a minority status or who experience a disruption in the ideological foundations of their wartime experiences may face significant psychological distress. This, in turn, can contribute to the deepening and intensification of post-traumatic symptoms in the aftermath of trauma. The combination of organic brain impairments and psychosocial stressors creates a complex interplay that influences the persistence, severity, and treatment responsiveness of post-traumatic conditions, underscoring the need for comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approaches tailored to individual experiences and vulnerabilities [10-13]. Among individuals who have experienced extreme situations, there are some who appear to recover quickly from the trauma they have endured. However, in many cases, symptoms of psychological disorders may emerge much later, sometimes even after many years, in the form of what is known as “delayed stress.” 293 NEW RENAISSANCE 2025 FEBRUARY INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 2 Th