COVERAGE OF THE TOPONYMICS OF THE CITY OF KOKAN IN WORKS

Аннотация

В статье подробно излагается история возникновения топонимии Коканда, труды арабских географов Истахри, Ибн Хавкаля и Мукаддаси, а также их идеи в труде “Худуд ул-Алам”. Ключевые слова: культура, древность, население, хозяйство, исторический источник, город, топонимия, труд, тюркский народ, племя. Another of the oldest cities in the Ferghana Valley is the city of Kokand. The ancient city of Khokan has been developing as a place of culture and enlightenment since ancient times, and the role of our ancient city in the development of our traditions and national values, which have been inherited from our ancestors and are preserved to this day, is incomparable. There is also various information about the toponymy of the city of Kokand. In particular, the Kyrgyz epic “Manas” provides information about Tashkent, Samarkand, Jizzakh, and the cities of the valley Kokand, Andijan and Namangan, as well as their population and some types of economy. Also, the city of Kokand is mentioned in the manuscript “Khudud ul-Olam” written in the 10th century, and in the works of Arab geographers Istakhri, Ibn Khavkal, and Mukaddasi in the forms of Khoqan (Khuvoqand), Khoqand (Khuvoqand). The Khoqand region is mentioned in the work "Boburnoma" by Zakhiriddin Mukhammad Babur. The current city of Kokand was founded at the beginning of the 18th century on the site of the historical Khoqand by the head of a thousand Uzbek clans, the founder of the Kokand Khanate, Shakhrukhbiy. According to Academician V. Bartold, the correct form of the city from a literary point of view is Khoqand.[1] Kokand is pronounced in a living language. Information about the city of Kokand Information about the 12th century It is also found in the work of the Moroccan traveler Al-Idrisi “Nuzhat af-mushtaq fixtirak ul-afaq” (“The Comfort of the One Who Has Wandered the World”). The 32 information about Havokand (Kokan) in the work “Mujam al-buldan” (“List of Countries”) by the traveler Yakud Khamavi of the 13th century is important for us. It is noteworthy that in the early sources it is found under such names as Kokan. Khavokand, Khuvakan, Khuvakent, Kukand. In turn, there are mainly 3 hypotheses about the meaning of the term Kokan: “Khukkand” means “pig dug” in tadjik. The reason for the emergence of such a view, as indicated in the sources, is that the city was located in a reed bed, where there were many wild pigs (tongis). It means “good”, “pleasant”. Because the city is located in a beautiful place. “Good”, “pleasant” were used in relation to the inhabitants of the city, and the verb of the people of Kokand was good. Also, in relation to the toponym Kokand, “Havokent” - “city of winds”, “Kopkon” - “place where much blood was shed”, “Kopqon” - “ambush” and other names are found. According to legends, the main reason why the city was called “Khuqand”, that is, “pig dug”, is that before the city was built, these places were swamps. There are views that it was named so because many pigs lived here. This legend is also mentioned in the work “History of Fergana” by Iskhakhan Ibrat. There is a legend proving that the toponym Kokand comes from the words “Khukand” (pleasant, gentle city, good city). When the need arose to build a city, experienced masters - city builders and specialists in drawing up their plans - advised their governor to choose the most convenient place between a stream and a stream. There were many gardens and orchards in this place. And the land itself was fertile. A natural barrier - two streams - protected the city from the invasion of enemies. In addition, caravan routes to China and other countries intersected in this area. [2] All this served as the basis for calling the city Khokand. According to another legend, the name of the city comes from the word “Havokent” (city of winds). Because. at the time the city was built, the inhabitants noted that the winds were frequent, and the trunks and trunks of trees were constantly bent to one side under the influence of strong winds. That is why the city was called “Havokent” (the city of winds. Often changing the weather. In the sense of cooling the climate, opening the heart, ensuring purity). According to another legend, the name of the city comes from the word “Kopkon” (a place where much blood was shed). According to legend, in the distant past, when the city was built, there were frequent wars in this area. As a result of these wars, many people died and a lot of blood was shed. That is why the city is called the bloody “Kopkon”. Later, the “P” was dropped in the pronunciation. Kokon. Then. As a result of the change of “K” to , they began to call it Kokon. According to another legend, the city was called “Kopkon” (trap. Trap, ambush). In ancient times, foreigners often attacked the city to plunder and enslave its inhabitants. But all their attempts were in vain. In a word, the invaders were ambushed and defeated. That is why the city is called “Kopkon”, that is, a trap. Later, “Kopkon” beca