MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ANTIBACTERIAL DRUGS IN COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN YOUNG CHILDREN

Аннотация

The prevalence of infectious diseases of the respiratory system and, first of all, pneumonia among the population, the presence of various etiological factors and conditions for the appearance of diseases, doctors of various specialties - therapists, surgeons, neuropathologists - predetermine the occurrence of this disease. Faced with this pathology. Few or atypical clinical signs characteristic of the modern course of pneumonia complicate the diagnosis and complicate the treatment of the patient. The presence of diseases accompanied by decompensation against the background of an infectious lung lesion worsens the prognosis and increases the risk of death. It is especially important to correctly diagnose infectious lung disease in time and to prescribe adequate antibacterial therapy. Key words: drugs, antibiotics, pharmacokinetics, drug effects. МЕХАНИЗМ ДЕЙСТВИЯ АНТИБАКТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ ПРЕПАРАТОВ ПРИ ВНЕБОЛЬНИЧНОЙ ПНЕВМОНИИ У ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА Аннотация. Распространенность инфекционных заболеваний органов дыхания и, в первую очередь, пневмонии среди населения, наличие различных этиологических факторов и условий возникновения заболеваний, врачи различных специальностей — терапевты, хирурги, невропатологи — предопределяют возникновение этого заболевания. Столкнувшись с этой патологией. Малочисленные или нетипичные клинические признаки, характерные для современного течения пневмонии, затрудняют диагностику и осложняют лечение пациента. Наличие заболеваний, сопровождающихся декомпенсацией на фоне инфекционного поражения легких, ухудшает прогноз и увеличивает риск летального исхода. Особенно важно вовремя правильно диагностировать инфекционное заболевание легких и назначить адекватную антибактериальную терапию. Ключевые слова: лекарственные препараты, антибиотики, фармакокинетика, лекарственные эффекты. The prevalence of infectious diseases of the respiratory system and, first of all, pneumonia among the population, the presence of various etiological factors and conditions for the appearance of diseases, doctors of various specialties - therapists, surgeons, neuropathologists - predetermine the presence of this disease. Faced with this pathology. Few or atypical clinical signs characteristic of the modern course of pneumonia complicate the diagnosis and complicate the treatment of the patient. The presence of diseases accompanied by decompensation against the background of an infectious lung lesion worsens the prognosis and increases the risk of death. It is especially important to correctly diagnose infectious lung disease in time and to prescribe adequate antibacterial therapy. Pneumonia is a group of acute infectious diseases of different etiology and pathogenesis, characterized by focal damage of the respiratory parts of the lungs and the presence of alveolar exudation (see picture). 3 53 International scientific journal ISSN: 2181-3906 «MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH» 2024 VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 11 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ Modern classification defines the following types of pneumonia: 1) community-acquired - CP (ambulatory) - acquired outside a medical institution; 2) nosocomial (hospital, in-hospital) - acquired in a medical institution; 3) aspiration; 4) pneumonia in people with severe immune deficiencies - pneumonia caused by congenital immunodeficiency, HIV infection, iatrogenic immunosuppression. This division is based on the difference in the conditions in which the disease occurs and the approaches to the selection of antimicrobial therapy. Among registered pneumonias, the most common is CAP (ambulatory). They firmly occupy a leading position in the composition of acute infectious diseases of urban residents. Etiological factors of SAP Due to significant limitations, none of the microbiological methods can detect all potential triggers of bronchopulmonary infection, so the etiology of the infectious process cannot be determined in 30-50% of patients. More than 100 microorganisms that can cause SAP have been described, almost all of which have been isolated at least once during lung tissue biopsy. However, in routine practice, they rely on microbiological studies of blood, sputum or pleural fluid and the results of serological studies to make an etiological diagnosis. Information on the etiology of SAP obtained in various studies depends on the following factors: the investigated patient population (age, the presence and severity of concomitant diseases - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD, immunodeficiency conditions; places of development of pneumonia - nursing homes, isolated groups); endemic characteristics and epidemiological situation of the region during the study; set of used diagnostic methods, their sensitivity and specificity, criteria for evaluating the obtained results. The etiology of CAP is directly related to the microflora, usually colonizing the upper respiratory tract. The most common causative agent of CAP is Streptococcus pneumoniae, which, according to various authors, cau