THE CULTURE OF THE WEST IN THE 20TH

Аннотация

The culture of the West in the 20th century has gone through two main stages. The first corresponds to late imperialism, the era of mass assembly line production and totalitarian consciousness. This is the first half of the century, the years 1918-1945, the time when, as a result of the scientific and technological revolution, new forms of culture arose - radio and cinema, which supplanted literature in the minds of people. KEYWORDS: Literature, modernism, form, consciousness, system. INTRODUCTION steadily declining with ever-increasing competition from cinema and rock music. The second stage is the period after 1945, when it becomes obvious that bourgeois Literary development in the twentieth century society, despite the gloomy forecasts of Marx is accelerating, the universally recognized unit and Nietzsche, is viable, and deep internal of articulation of the literary process is no restructuring is taking place in it: modern longer a period of time a century long, as it systems of radical democracy are emerging, a used to be, but a decade. Each decade of the “consumer society” is taking shape, processes 20th century gave rise to new trends in of globalization of the world are underway. literature, loud manifestos were created, new economy. The information revolution of the schools were proclaimed. Beneath this end of the 20th century generally changes the turbulent surface, behind the very intensity of attitude of a person to the printed word, books the search, it is not always easy to discern the are increasingly read from display screens, and inner meaning and patterns of changing in the developed Western countries the role of literary trends. literature in the public consciousness is Realism in the 20th century is represented by many names of once famous writers, but “THE CULTURE OF THE WEST IN THE 20TH” P age 218 | 5 today it is clear that, whatever their lifetime artistry of these one-day works, reading them popularity, the realistic novel in the 20th does not require the work of the mind and century existed mainly due to inertia. Realism heart, but gives rest after a monotonous as a striving for a scientific analysis of the working day, becomes a form of relaxation. All world and man comes from confidence in the genres of conformist popular literature skim cognizability of the world, from an optimistic the surface of modern life, the characters in conviction that the word is an ideal and them are created according to long-tested objective tool for cognizing reality, that the formulas, the emphasized reliability of details, social vices revealed in the word are subject to an indispensable moral lesson, and much more correction. We have seen that all these are borrowed from a realistic novel. However, postulates of realism are already called into the very specific weight of mass literature has question by Conrad. The catastrophic reality of turned into a factor that has a reverse effect the 20th century finally undermined the on “high” literature. Serious writers of the ideological basis of realism - historical 20th century increasingly used in their works optimism and faith in progress, therefore, the techniques of plot construction and although the forms of realistic narration were stylistic clichés of popular literature, of course, preserved, they were perceived by the completely rethinking them in line with their aesthetically developed reader as a relic of the own goals. One way or another, mass past. literature plays an ever-increasing role in the culture of the twentieth century. Only when realist writers came into contact with other trends did their works become The central, most fruitful trends in the genuine events. literature of the 20th century were modernism, which flourished in the first half of Forms of realistic narration have found the century, and postmodernism that replaced application in a new phenomenon in the it after 1945. We will consider them in more literature of the twentieth century - in mass detail. literature. This is literature created for the mass reader according to clear recipes, Modernism in literature originates on the eve unpretentious in the artistic sense, of the First World War and reaches its peak in ideologically aimed at maintaining the existing the twenties simultaneously in all countries of world order. This is a literary product, subject Western Europe and in America. Modernism is to all the laws of the market, focused on an international phenomenon, consisting of different categories of consumers. Thus, different schools (Imagism, Dadaism, different series of romance novels may be Expressionism, Constructivism, Surrealism, aimed at young girls, young career women, etc.). This is a revolution in literature, the older women, and so on. The genres of participants of which announced a break not popular literature - detective, sentimental only with the tradition of realistic plausibility, novel, thriller, fantasy, science fiction - but also with the Western cul