UNIQUE TONES OF NAVOI-FANI'S POETRY

Аннотация

Every year on February 9, it has become a tradition in the Republic of Uzbekistan to widely celebrate the birthday of Hazrat Mir Alisher Navoi, a great man, writer, politician, linguist, mystic, painter, and sultan of poets. According to the Embassy of Uzbekistan in Seoul, this year marks the 580th anniversary of the birth of the poet-thinker who is widely celebrated not only in Uzbekistan, but also in many other parts of the world. KEYWORDS: Tone, unique, poetry, rule, Empire INTRODUCTION libraries, hospitals, caravanserais, and other educational, pious, and charitable institutions Alisher Nava'i was born in 1441 in Herat, which in Khorasan. In Herat, he was responsible for is now in north-western Afghanistan. During 40 caravanserais, 17 mosques, 10 mansions, Alisher's lifetime, Herat was ruled by the nine bathhouses, nine bridges, and 20 pools. Timurid Empire and became one of the leading cultural and intellectual centres in the Muslim Every year on February 9, it has become a world. tradition to widely celebrate the birthday of the great man, writer, politician, linguist, Alisher was a schoolmate of Husayn Bayqarah, mystic and painter the sultan of poets Hazrat who would later become the sultan of Mir Alisher Navoi. This year, the 580th Khorasan. Alisher remained in the service of anniversary of the birth of the poet-thinker is Bayqarah until his death on 3 January 1501. widely celebrated not only in Uzbekistan, but Alisher served as a public administrator and also abroad. adviser to his sultan, Husayn Bayqarah. He was Alisher Nava'i was born in 1441 in Herat, which also a builder to have founded, restored, or is now in north-western Afghanistan. During endowed some 370 mosques, madrasas, “UNIQUE TONES OF NAVOI-FANI'S POETRY” P age 89 | 5 Alisher's lifetime, Herat was ruled by the - Fawa'id al-Kibar (Benefits of Old Age) Timurid Empire and became one of the leading cultural and intellectual centres in the Muslim world. To help other Turkic poets, Alisher wrote technical works such as Mizan al-Awzan (The Alisher was a schoolmate of Husayn Bayqarah, Measure of Meters), and a detailed treatise on who would later become the sultan of poetical meters. He also crafted the Khorasan. Alisher remained in the service of monumental Majalis al-Nafais (Assemblies of Bayqarah until his death on 3 January 1501. Distinguished Men), a collection of over 450 Alisher served as a public administrator and biographical sketches of mostly contemporary adviser to his sultan, Husayn Bayqarah. He was poets. The collection is a gold mine of also a builder to have founded, restored, or information about Timurid culture for modern endowed some 370 mosques, madrasas, historians. libraries, hospitals, caravanserais, and other Alisher's other important works include the educational, pious, and charitable institutions Khamsa (Quintuple), which is composed of five in Khorasan. In Herat, he was responsible for epic poems and is an imitation of Nizami 40 caravanserais, 17 mosques, 10 mansions, Ganjavi's Khamsa: nine bathhouses, nine bridges, and 20 pools. - Hayrat-ol-abrar (Wonders of Good People); Among Alisher's constructions were the - Farhad va Shirin (Farhad and Shirin); mausoleum of the 13th-century mystical poet, - Layli va Majnun (Layli and Majnun); Farid al-Din Attar, in Nishapur (north-eastern - Sab'ai Sayyar (Seven Travelers, about the Iran) and the Khalasiya madrasa in Herat. He seven planets); was one of the instrumental contributors to - Sadd-i-Iskandari (Alexander's Wall, about the architecture of Herat, which became, in Alexander the Great) René Grousset's words, "the Florence of what has justly been called the Timurid Alisher also wrote Lison ut-Tayr (Language of Renaissance". Moreover, he was a promoter Birds, following Attar's Manteq-ol-tayr or and patron of scholarship and arts and letters, Speeches of Birds), in which he expressed his a musician, a composer, a calligrapher, a philosophical views and Sufi ideas. His Besh painter and sculptor. Hayrat (Five Wonders) also gives an in-depth look at his views on religion and Sufism. His Under the pen name Nava'i, Alisher was book of Persian poetry contains 6,000 lines among the key writers who revolutionized the (beits). literary use of the Turkic languages. Nava'i also wrote in Persian (under the pen name Fāni), Nava'i's last work, Muhakamat al-Lughatayn and, to a much lesser degree, in Arabic. (The Trial of the Two Languages) is a comparison of Turkic and Persian and was Nava'i's best-known poems are found in his completed in December 1499. He believed four diwans, or poetry collections, which total that the Turkic language was superior to roughly 50,000 verses. Each part of the work Persian for literary purposes, and defended corresponds to a different period of a person's this belief in his work. Nava'i repeatedly life: emphasized his belief in the richness, precision - Ghara'ib al-Sighar (Wonders of Childhood) and malleability of Turkic vocabulary as - Navadir al-Shabab