Концепция «Нового государственного управления» и зарубежный опыт в сфере социального партнерства

Аннотация

The development of modern approaches and the development of a model for the new Public Management of the economy is aimed at reducing the low efficiency of the bureaucratic management system, the state share in the economy, and improving the efficiency of the public management mechanism. Keywords: public sector, public management, public services, decentralization, social partnerships, tripartism, private sector. Н. Муминов, О. Хамраев (Ташкент, Узбекистан) КОНЦЕПЦИЯ «НОВОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ» И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ В СФЕРЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА Аннотация. Развития современных подходов и разработки модели нового государственного управления экономики, направлен на сокращение низкой эффективности системы административного управления, государственной доли в экономикии и повышение эффективности механизма государственного управления. Ключевые слова: государственный сектор, государственное управление, государственные услуги, децентрализация, социальное партнерства, трипартизм, частный сектор. One of the foundations for the formation of social partnership is the development of the New Public Management movement, which has engulfed many developed countries since the 1980s. This movement was widely used in reforming the public sector in the UK, the USA, New Zealand, Japan, etc. The concept of "New Public Management" is based on the definition of a number of methods and programs aimed at reforming the public sector in order to make it more competitive and efficient in providing services to the population and using resources [1]. In this sense, the "New Public Management" deals with the commercialization, to the extent possible, of the role of the state in providing service to its citizens and introducing a business approach in relations with its citizens. The main elements of the concept of "New Public Management" are: - severe resource conservation and the reduction of budget expenditures, i.e. getting more value from using less resources; - widespread privatization; - work on contract (contracting out). This element is primarily aimed at strengthening the role of public and private organizations; - promoting competition in the provision of public services. By improving competition in this area is expected to increase the quality of services provided to 119 ____«Актуальные научные исследования в современном мире» ISCIENCE.IN.UA__ Выпуск 6(38) ч. 4 ISSN 2524-0986 the population. This element involves competition not only between organizations, both private and public, but also between different offices and departments within the same organization; - giving managers the freedom and flexibility to manage; - separation of policy from administration, that is, without abandoning the legal regulation in the activities in the field of public administration which adds efficient criteria that are applied in the business sector; - decentralization. This element involves the transfer of functions and powers from the Central government to local authorities and self-government of citizens; - performance and accounting; - strategic planning at all levels of government; - wide use of information technologies in the provision of public services; - rationalization and streamlining of administrative structures; - democratization and increased citizen participation in governance. The basic principles of the concept of "New Public Management" refer to the reform of the public sphere with a view to introducing the experience of the private sector. This concept or its individual elements can give a tangible impetus to the development of social partnership. For instance, the principle of decentralization enables the development not only of the private sector, but also of non- governmental and non-profit organizations (NGOs). On the basis of the agreement on social partnership, civil society institutions can assume some of the functions of the state on the ground, for example, the implementation of various social projects. For example, NGOs can actively participate in the following areas to provide employment and create jobs in rural areas: - promotion of cooperation between entrepreneurial subjects and local population, mainly from among women and disabled people, through the organization of home work; - assistance in creating a system for harvesting, storing and marketing the products of rural residents in order to obtain income from active activities within the framework of personal subsidiary plots; - Assistance in organizing your own business by creating mobile groups to advise start-up entrepreneurs who would conduct field meetings with beginning entrepreneurs and two or three day seminars in the field; - conducting special studies to learn the requirements of potential employers in rural areas to hired employees. Moreover, a good perspective is the creation of special civil services, following the example of Scandinavian countries, which take on the implementation of about eighty percent of local government contacts with the p