Theoretical aspects of employment of the population, creation of new jobs in the modernization of the economy

Аннотация

The article analyzes the theoretical views on the economic category “employment of the population”. The basic models of state and regional regulation of employment in foreign countries are studied. Recommendations are given on the use of foreign experience in regulating employment in our country. Key words: population employment, unemployment, labor market, employment programs, employment regulation models, foreign experience. Today, the problem of ensuring the employment of the population is society one of the most important macroeconomic characteristics of socio-economic development one of them is of particular importance in the economy. One of the most important issues is ensuring the employment of the population in the context of economic modernization. Because the existence of the problem of unemployment is an integral feature of the market economy. Therefore, the development of measures related to the expansion of the country’s production and further improvement of the living standards of the population by increasing the employment of the population is one of the urgent tasks of today. In this regard, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Sh. Mirziyoyev, in his speech at the extended meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers, dedicated to the main results of the socio-economic development of our country in 2016 and the most important priorities of the economic program for 2017, emphasized the following: it is necessary to clearly define his future workplace, salary and social conditions” The share of labor resources in the population is high; low level of economic activity and employment of the rural population; the majority of the jobs established in rural areas are of a short-term and seasonal nature; of the employed population a significant part is in low-wage industries, in the informal sector and employment in unstable jobs; household work opportunities for increasing the number of places are not being fully used observed. Due to the existence of these problems, the population is unemployed today’s study of employment issues both theoretically and practically is one of the most urgent tasks of the day. STARS International University 63 There are many definitions of the concept of “population employment”. In scientific literature, it is often the same as the concepts of “employment” and “labor market” is considered. It gives a general description of the concept of “labor market”. There are “narrow” and “broad” interpretations of this concept. Wide in the sense - related to meeting the personal and social needs of citizens’ social- useful activity and this activity brings him salary (income). In a narrow sense - it is related to providing citizens with jobs a set of economic relations involving economic activity. Employment is an integral part of complex social policy and is focused on the needs of people in the field of work is determined and is the main element of increasing the income of the population is considered “Employment of the population” of the Republic of Uzbekistan employment based on Article 2 of the Law on personal and social, which does not conflict with the laws of the people related to meeting their needs, pay them wages (labor income) is an activity that brings. In most scientific literature, employment is reflected as a socio-economic category. For example, G.S. Vechkanov and G.R. Vechkanova according to the method of production of employment of people and economic activity describe the relationship system as a result of participation. This is it the authors of the “Labor Economics” textbook P.E. Shlander and Yu.P. Kokin also support the work of people who are employed regarding the provision of a place and participation in economic activities defined as the sum of economic relations. “Employment” by the economists of Uzbekistan There are approaches to clarifying the meaning of the concept. For example, Q.X. According to Abdurahmanov, employment - related to the satisfaction of citizens’ personal and social needs that do not conflict with legislation, they receive wages or labor income is an activity that brings. Economist Sh.R. Kholmo‘minov in his scientific studies of population focusing on the issues of rational employment of the population and reasonable employment to the market balance between supply and demand for labor force means to achieve. In this case, the possible (natural) rate of unemployment comes into existence, he defined. Local economists D. Rakhimova,By Kh.Abulqosimov, O.Abdurahmonov, K.Kattaev and R.Rozmetov The given definition is somewhat broader, and this relationship clarifies its purpose and subject. According to them, employment is personal and social of people as an economic category satisfying their needs, their personal interests in earning income able-bodied population with work activities in order to realize in connection with the provision of places of employment, that is, jobs represent the socio-economic relations. The “employment” category un