ПРОБЛЕМА ТЕЛА И ДУШИ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ИДЕЕ ДУАЛИЗМА В МЕДИЦИНЕ

Аннотация

This article, “The Body–Mind Problem: A Contemporary Medical Approach to the Idea of Dualism,” offers an interdisciplinary examination of the relationship between the bodily (physical) and the mental/spiritual (psychic) aspects of human beings. The introduction outlines the historical origins of dualism and monism — from classical philosophers such as 190 ResearchBib IF - 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Volume 2 Issue 11 Plato to Descartes and later thinkers. The main section surveys medical perspectives and practices: psychosomatic disorders, the biopsychosocial model, advances in neuroscience regarding consciousness, and integrative clinical approaches combining psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and complementary modalities. The paper critically assesses the limits of classical dualism and argues for a holistic understanding of patients, where biological and mental factors are studied interactively. The conclusion highlights how a synthesis of philosophical insight and medical science can improve diagnosis, treatment, and the humane care of patients, suggesting directions for future research and clinical practice. Keywords: dualism, monism, biopsychosocial model, psychosomatics, neuroscience, integrative medicine.