Foreign Experience in The Legal Regulation of Social Protection of Civil Servants and Prospects for Its Application in Uzbekistan

Аннотация

This article explores the legal foundations of social protection for civil servants in Japan, China, Germany, France, and Kazakhstan. Based on comparative analysis, it identifies effective models that can be adapted to the legal system of Uzbekistan. Keywords: Civil service, social protection, foreign experience, legal regulation, Uzbekistan. material support for civil servants is based on their Introduction: The study and application of foreign functional responsibilities and the degree of experience in the legal regulation of social protection accountability. The development and approval of the for civil servants is of significant importance for relevant plans is carried out by Japan’s National improving the efficiency and professionalism of the Personnel Authority in cooperation with the Parliament public service in the Republic of Uzbekistan. This and the Cabinet of Ministers. The law regulates the determines the relevance and practical significance of procedure for calculating salaries, including allowances referring to the respective legal models and for working under special conditions and compensation mechanisms used in developed countries. The study of for part-time employment [4]. such practices contributes to a deeper understanding of the diversity of approaches to ensuring the social Currently, Uzbekistan lacks a comparable legally protection of civil servants, as well as the possibilities formalized system that regulates the remuneration of of their adaptation to national conditions [1]. civil servants. In this regard, it would be advisable to assign the Agency for the Development of Public The legal regulation of social protection for civil Service of Uzbekistan (ARGOS) the responsibility for servants abroad is generally integrative in nature, developing the relevant plans and ensuring payment based on the incorporation of elements from different transparency through the verification of payroll records legal systems. Such experience is of interest in terms of [5]. identifying its strengths, which may be successfully applied in reforming the system of social protection in Particular attention in Japan is also given to Uzbekistan [2]. compensation for harm suffered by officials in the performance of their official duties. Responsibility for In most foreign countries, issues of social protection for implementing such measures rests with the National public officials are regulated by special normative legal Personnel Authority. The compensation program acts covering such key aspects as pension provision, life includes payments in cases of temporary or permanent and health insurance, as well as the establishment of a disability, as well as support for the families of fair remuneration system. A relevant example is Japan, deceased civil servants [6]. where the legal status of civil servants is defined by the National Public Service Act of October 21, 1947 [3]. There are no such provisions in the legislation of Uzbekistan. It is proposed to grant ARGOS the authority According to Article 62 of the aforementioned law, the to develop a similar compensation program, subject to International Journal of Law And Criminology 17 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijlc International Journal of Law And Criminology (ISSN: 2771-2214) approval at the level of the President of the Republic of protection of civil servants [16]. Uzbekistan [7]. In general, the study suggests that integrating A positive example is also demonstrated by the international experience into the legal regulation of legislation of the People's Republic of China, which social protection for civil servants can significantly provides for a unified wage system covering positions increase their level of social security and professional and ranks. The PRC Law "On Public Service" also motivation. This, in turn, would positively affect the regulates pension provision, insurance, and medical functioning of the public service system in the Republic care for civil servants and their families [8]. of Uzbekistan. For example, public servants in China are entitled to REFERENCES compensation in cases of disability or death incurred in Конституция Республики Узбекистан от 01.05.2023 the line of duty. Similar provisions should be https://lex.uz/docs/6445147. incorporated into the legislation of Uzbekistan [9]. National Public Service Act (Japan), 1947. China's pension system also provides for flexible Beamtenstatusgesetz (Germany), 2009. retirement conditions. Despite existing differences in retirement age between the two countries, it would be National Public Service Act (Japan), Art. 62. appropriate to consider implementing a flexible National Public Service Act (Japan), Art. 63–67. approach, allowing, under certain conditions, for Закон Республики Узбекистан «О государственной deferred retirement or transition to part-time службе», 2021. employment [10]. National Personnel Authority of Japan, Reports 2020– Germany provides another example of a systematic