A GENETIC DESCRIPTION OF UZBEK LITERARY PSEUDONYMS

Аннотация

This article classifies Uzbekliterary pseudonyms bytheir genetic origin, examining native Turkic, Farsi-Tajik, and Arabic lexical layers. It highlights how historical language interactions shaped thediverse etymology of thesepseudonyms. Keywords:Uzbek language, pseudonyms, onomastics, etymology, lexical layers. The continuous enrichment of the Uzbek language’s lexicon with new lexical combinations necessitates in-depth scientific research in linguistics, particularly in lexicology and onomastics. Investigating the linguistic features of Uzbek literary pseudonyms and identifying their lexical layers helps clarify many issues. The word “taxallus” (pseudonym) is originally Arabic, meaning “to be saved” or “salvation” [1.33]. It is also explained as “giving oneself a second name other than one’s real name in poetry”[2.601]. “Taxallus-asymbolic name, apseudonym”[3.201]. Every creator relies on the possibilities of their native language when choosing a pseudonym. Pseudonyms are formed from existingwords inthe language. However, thelexical richness ofno language consists only of its own words. Tribes, ethnic groups, and peoples who have lived as neighbors in a particular region for a long time have interacted with each other in various ways. Political-economic, cultural-educational, religious-ethnic ties have also influenced the languages of these peoples. The entry and assimilation of words and proper nouns from one language into anotherhave been common occurrences. When examining the lexical composition of a language from a historical-etymological point of view, first, historically and genetically, pseudonyms belonging to the Uzbek language itself are identified. Such words are Turkic names that have existed in the Uzbek language since ancient times. These words form the ancient layer constituting the main basis of the Uzbek language's lexicon. Subsequently, elements of other, i.e., foreign languages are sought in the lexical composition based on which languages the Uzbek language has historically been in contact with. From this point of view, for example, it is lawful to search for ancient Uighur, Sogdian, Chinese, Arabic, Mongolian, Persian language elements, and other language elements in the lexical composition of the Uzbek language. These languages influenced the lexical composition of the Uzbek language at different times, to varying degrees, and in various ways. Accordingly, the numberofwords that haveentered theUzbeklanguage also varies[4.56]. The population living in Central Asia has a long and ancient history. Their languages have also undergone a complex development process. The languages of the Turkic tribes and clans here havebeen in contact with Iranian languages that have lived in theseregions sinceancient times. The Arabic language influenced the Uzbek language not only as the language of Islam but also as the language of science, the language of official-administrative style, and the language of https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi volume 4,issue4,2025 1195 artisticliterature. The borrowing of words from Arabic was particularly strong during the Uzbek- Arabic bilingualism period (7th-9th centuries) [5.111]. Thus, socio-political processes that occurred in thehistory ofthe peopleleft their traces inits language, including inpseudonyms. Whenanalyzing Uzbek onomastic units, particularly the system of pseudonyms, we fully feel the trace of these historical processes. The historical-etymological foundations of onomastic units, especially the vast majority of pseudonyms, are related to the Arabic language. Arabic elements, although not reflected to this extent at the toponymic level, formed and shaped a specific onomastic system in the emergence of personal names and pseudonyms. Interestingly, this system is stillactively usedtoday. Another part of proper nouns is characteristic of Iranian languages. This includes the roots of the ancient Khorezmian language, which has been recognized as a substratum layer, which can also befound in theonomasticsystem. In addition, there is a group of names characteristic of other non-related languages that lead us to the era of Alexander the Great, ancient Chinese sources, and materials of Indian folk oral tradition. The process of choosing a permanent pseudonym is a process that involves research and hesitation, and its selection is directly dependent on several factors (symbolic, profession, birthplace, character traits, etc.). When choosing a pseudonym, wordsmiths mainly paid attention to it being broad and polysemous, and not previously used by others. However, the absence of press and publishing did not allow for systematizing and coordinating this work. Therefore, many writers created underthesame pseudonym withoutbeing aware of each other. All words in a language constitute its lexical richness. The lexical richness of a language increases through two sources - internal and external sources. Word formation through the internal possibilities of the language (by addi