IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS' ORAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE

Аннотация

This article addresses the development of speaking competence, focusing on enhancing students' abilities to engage in oral communication. It explores how speaking competence is shaped by listening comprehension and how teaching strategies for monologic, dialogic, and polylogic speech—through both inductive and deductive methods—contribute to the development of oral speech competence. Keywords: speech competence, conversation, short texts, oral communication, language exercises, listening comprehension, monologic, dialogic, and polylogic speech. Introduction:The growing socio-economic and cultural collaboration between nations has heightened the demand and desire to learn languages using a communicative approach. In the educational systems of developed countries, significant attention is devoted to the development of students' speech competence. Particularly for B1 and B2 levels, acquiring speech competence, as outlined in https://scientific-jl.com/luch/ 2 3 9 Часть-40_ Том-1_ Март-2025 language teaching curricula, and improving students' skills to engage effectively in oral communication have become key priorities. The concept of developing the public education system in the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030 emphasizes principles such as quality renewal of the continuing education system, professional training and retraining, improvement of teaching methods, individualized education, gradual implementation of modern information and communication technologies, and the introduction of innovative projects within the public education sector 1[1]. Issues related to the development of speech and oral communication within Uzbek language teaching methodology have been explored in the research of various scholars. Language is understood as a set of units created by previous generations for the benefit of society, which are common, mandatory for acceptance, and serve the purpose of expressing and shaping thoughts. These units are governed by a set of laws and regulations that define the interconnection and relations between them 2[11]. This article explores the acquisition of speech competence, the development of students' skills in oral communication, and how speech competence is shaped through listening comprehension. It covers the teaching of monologic, dialogic, and polylogic speech using both inductive and deductive methods to enhance oral speech competence. Speech is a complex mental process that is controlled by the brain's activity. The external (material) side of speech consists of its sound and literal aspects, while the inner side is expressed through the symbols of speech, movement, hearing, sight, and touch.The term "speech" refers to the ways of forming and expressing 1 The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. M. Mirziyoyev from April 29, 2019, on the approval of the "Concept for the Development of the Education System in Uzbekistan until 2030" (PF-5712), available at Lex.Uz. 2 https://scientific-jl.com/luch/ 2 4 0 Часть-40_ Том-1_ Март-2025 thoughts, while language serves as a means for this purpose. In psycholinguistics, the expression of thoughts is referred to as (re)productive speech activity, which includes both speaking and writing. On the other hand, the perception of expressed thoughts (whether spoken or written) is known as receptive speech. Both the speaker and the receiver are considered communicants, with the communicator being further divided into producers (the speaker and writer who express opinions) and receivers (the listener and reader who perceive the opinions).Speech arises from the use of words and phrases by an individual for the purpose of communication (i.e., delivering a message), based on the language skills mentioned earlier. When comparing language and speech, the following differences are important: 1. Language is the medium of communication, while speech is a form of communication. 2. Language is created by society, whereas speech is created by each individual. 3. Language has a long lifespan and evolves with the people, while speech has a brief existence, existing only when spoken, with written speech being an exception. 4. A person can master multiple languages simultaneously, as language is not tied to a specific time or place, whereas speech happens at a particular time and place. 5. The volume of language is indefinite, while the volume of speech is clear, often taking the form of dialogue, monologue, or polylogue. 6. Language is a stable, static phenomenon, while speech is dynamic and constantly evolving. Speech communication holds a central role in human activities, fulfilling a crucial need for individuals to connect with others in society. This need for mutual https://scientific-jl.com/luch/ 2 4 1 Часть-40_ Том-1_ Март-2025 communication is one of the main driving forces behind the creation of human societies. Therefore, speech communication is vital for everyone. It is a uniquely human process that allows people to share and exchange informat