Initial Scientific Approaches to The Analysis of Speech Culture Issues

Аннотация

This article examines the initial scientific approaches to the study of speech culture and its role in communicative competence. Speech culture, as an interdisciplinary field, encompasses linguistic, rhetorical, ethical, and cultural dimensions that ensure clarity, expressiveness, and appropriateness of oral and written communication. The study outlines early theoretical interpretations and highlights the importance of speech culture in the educational and professional development of individuals, with emphasis on its normative and stylistic aspects. Keywords: Speech culture, communicative competence, linguistic norms, rhetoric, expressiveness, language etiquette, stylistics, verbal communication. particularly relevant in teacher training, journalism, Introduction: Speech culture is a significant component politics, and other professions where speech serves as of linguistic competence and communicative culture. It a key instrument of influence. represents the ability to use language correctly, appropriately, and effectively in various Modern speech culture research emphasizes the communicative contexts. The development of speech interdisciplinary nature of the concept, integrating culture is closely connected with the evolution of sociolinguistics, psychology, and communication linguistic norms and the social functions of language. studies. With the rapid development of digital communication, the need to address speech culture The study of speech culture first emerged as a distinct issues in online environments is also growing, making scholarly area in the mid-20th century in Russian and the topic even more relevant for future studies. Uzbek linguistics, where language was not only viewed as a system of rules but also as a tool of social METHOD interaction. Researchers such as Vinogradov, In Russian linguistics, the issue of speech culture was Lomonosov, and later Uzbek scholars like S. elevated to the level of a scientific problem thanks to Sirojiddinov and M. Qoriyev laid the foundation for a grammar books, dictionaries, and scientific works scientific analysis of proper speech, focusing on stylistic dedicated to the analysis of literary language, its norms, norms, speech etiquette, and ethical communication. and speech styles, created for educational purposes in From a linguistic perspective, speech culture refers to the 18th and 19th centuries. Among them, significant adherence to the literary language norms, the use of contributions were made by works such as V.K. expressive and stylistically appropriate forms, and Trediakovsky's "Conversation between a Foreigner and sensitivity to the communicative situation. It also a Russian on Old and New Orthography," A.P. includes the ethical use of language, particularly in Sumarokov's "On Orthography," and A.Kh. Vostokov's professional and public discourse, where speech "Grammar of the Russian Language," which stimulated reflects one's intellectual and moral stance. the scientific study of speech culture in Russian linguistics. In the educational context, fostering speech culture means developing students’ ability to express their In the first quarter of the 20th century, interest in thoughts logically, clearly, and respectfully. This is speech culture issues further increased. Scholars like American Journal Of Philological Sciences 83 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2273) V.I. Chernyshev, V.V. Vinogradov, A.A. Shakhmatov, DISCUSSIONS D.N. Ushakov, and S.I. Ozhegov significantly In the study of the issue of speech culture as a scientific contributed to the development of speech culture as an problem in world linguistics and its subsequent independent scientific discipline. formation as a separate field of science, European During this period, the problem of language linguistics, in particular, the views of the Prague standardization was raised by prominent linguists such Linguistic School on speech culture also played an as G.O. Vinokur, A.M. Peshkovsky, L.V. Shcherba, D.N. important role. Ushakov, and S.I. Ozhegov. For instance, G.O. Vinokur As is known, in the Prague Linguistic School, founded in provided a detailed description of the concept of 1926 on the initiative of the Czech linguist V. Matesius, language culture in his work "Culture of Language." the issues of language culture, that is, a conscious However, the term was then applied to what is now approach to the literary language, the issue of understood as "cultural speech." standardizing the literary language, were raised as a Notably, in Russian linguistics, the term "speech scientific and theoretical problem. This initiative of the culture" began to be actively used only from the second Prague Linguistic School on language (speech) culture quarter of the 20th century. Prior to this, the term played an important role in the history of world "language culture" was commonly used in its place. linguistics. Although the representatives of