SOUTH AND NORTH KHOREZM EPIC SCHOOLS

Аннотация

In this article we will talk about Khorezm epic schools and their peculiarities. It is said that the ethnogenetic history of the people has a significant impact on the formation of different schools of epic poetry, as any ethnic group preserves its ancient traditions, which can be clearly seen in the epic schools of Khorezm.Also, art critic B.Matyokubov in his pamphlet divided the Khorezm epic into three shops based on the information given by Bola Bakhshi, folklorist S.R.Ruzimbaev also commented on Khorezm epics, Bakhshi schools, and there are two traditions of epic poetry in the oasis. The article is analyzed on the basis of the classification of traditions of epic poetry of South and North Khorezm, the similarities and differences of epicschools are proved byexamples taken from Khorezm epics. Key words:Epic, Khorezmepic schools, South Khorezmepic school, North Khorezmepic school, Khorezmepic stores, upper store, middle store, Osh (Lower) store, Khorezmbakhshi, Bolabakhshi, Oshiq Aydinpir. Epic poetry occupies one of the main places in the spirituality of our people. “The bakhshis who sing it play an important role in perfecting the rare spiritual riches.They pave the way for the deepening of the ideological content of the work through the artistic processing of images that embody high human qualities”[1].Bakhshi, with their high memory, singing ability, sensitive knowledge of the living language of the people, serve as a bridge in transmitting the centuries-old epic traditions, rich and colorful epics from generation to generation.“Although Uzbek bakhshis have the same ideological direction, the uniqueness of the epic repertoire, the style of performance and the same tradition in the song, they still have their own style, direction ofperformance, thenature ofthe repertoire. This phenomenon gives riseto epicschools.”[2] The ethnogenetic history of the people also has a significant impact on the formation of different schools of poetry [3]. Because any ethnic group keeps its ancient traditions stable. This can be clearly seen in the epic schools of Khorezm. Art historian B.Matyokubov, based on the information provided by Bola bakhshi in his pamphlet, divides the Khorezm epic into three shops(in the senseof shop-address, place, region). High store. This store conditionally covers Lebob region (Chorjoi), Darganota, Pitnak districts of Turkmenistan. The melodies of these shopkeepers are moderate and the size of their dutars is similar to the Fergana-Tashkent dutars. From this shop grew Khojayozbakhshi, Amin bakhshi, Muradbakhshi, Eshniyozbakhshi and others. Its center can be conditionally designated as Hazarasp. The medium store includes Khiva, Khonka, Yangiarik, Urgench, Koshkopir and Shavat districts. Its center can be conditionally designated as the city of Khiva. The tunes of these shopkeepers are lively and playful. Their dutori are also smaller than those of the upper and lower stores. Another characteristic of them is that the dutar is accompanied by a bouillon and a circle. Representatives of this store are Eshvoybakhshi, Matniyazgorja (Garibniyaz), Nurmamatlameand others. page568 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai So, the medium storeis the main epic center in Khorezm and its representatives are Avaz bola, NurillaChigatay, Ernafasbakhshi, Matyokubkori, his sons Hasan and Sayidbakhshi, Bekjonbakhshi, Abdrimbakhshi, Usmonbakhshi (Grandfather of the bakhshi), Buvabakhshi, Jumanazarbaxshiand finallyBola bakhshi can be mentioned. The Oshok (lower) store covers the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, such as Gurlan, Toshovuz, Old Urgench and Khojayli. Its center can be conditionally designated as the city of Mangit. Bakhshis of this region often sing epics accompanied by a solo dutar. One of the brightest representatives of the shop is Rizobaxshi, who is Feruz's original baxshi. Ernazarbakhshi, Suyavbakhshi, Otajonbakhshi and others also sang epics in the same shop style[4]. The roots of the Khorezmian epic tradition are very ancient and complex. Migration processes were active in this country and as a result of the long-lasting intervention of the Persian and Turkic peoples, the traditions of epic poetry also evolved. This process lasted until the ХХ century.This issue has been analyzed in special studies[5]. Folklorist S.R.Ruzimbaev also commented on Khorezm epics and bakhshi schools. He noted that there are two epic traditions intheoasis: 1.Traditions ofSouthKhorezm epics. 2.Thetradition ofepicpoetry ofNorth Khorezm. In ourwork, wethought onthebasis ofthis classification. According to the author of this classification, the traditions of the "High store", which is the center of Hazarasp, were absorbed in the early ХХcentury with the traditions of South Khorezm epic. First of all, if we talk about the traditions of South Khorezm epic, the roots of