FORMATION OF ECOTOURISM AND STATE NATURAL MONUMENTS

Аннотация

The ecological situation, its concept, the ecological situation and the aggravation of relations between nature and man, environmental pollution are covered by the author in this article. Keywords:Ecological situation, ecological safety, ecological situation, environment, hydromorphicsituation, soilandvegetation cover. Currently, the widespread development of production in the territory of our Republic is exacerbating the relationship between nature and man. This exacerbating is usually expressed in environmental pollution, degradation of soil and vegetation cover, impoverishment, and other manifestations. Each natural complex in this regard has a certain ecological situation, which differs from each otherin theseverity, complexity, andcomplexity of thissituation. The ecological situation has relatively stable characteristics for a general concept and a territory. Therefore, it can remain almost unchanged for a long time, that is, it can remain the same. However, the ecological situation can sometimes worsen, sometimes improve, this depends on the pace of production, if its impact on the environment accelerates, the situation worsens, and vice versa. The occurrence of the ecological situation at different levels forms various situationsin theregion. The ecological situation is the state of the ecological situation over a certain period of time, therefore, it is unstable and can quickly change from one situation to another in space over time.Thus, theecological situation in space occurs overa certain period oftimeand clearly and clearly reflects thesituation. Ecological situations in Uzbekistan are formed on different scales depending on the level of use of natural resources in the area, the development of production, the scope of measures to prevent environmental pollution. According to the results of research, the ecological situation can be complex, individual, and associated with a single factor (or natural component). A complex ecological situation is formed as a result of changes in almost all natural components. In particular, the situation in the Aral Sea can be considered truly complex, since all natural components in that area have undergone fundamental changes in the process of decomposition, and the previous hydromorphic situation is now completely replaced by xeromorphic, hydrohalomorphicand automorphicsituations. Ecosystems associated with certain groups of natural components are often associated withthedegradation or pollution ofsoil, vegetation, oratmospheric air andwater. For example, the ecosystem in the Sariosiyo, Uzun, and Denov districts of Surkhandarya region arose due to the waste of an aluminum enterprise located in the city of Tursunzoda in the neighboring RepublicofTajikistan. The ecosystem in these districts of Surkhandarya is affected by hydrogen fluoride gas, as a result of which the population suffers from headaches and joint diseases. Loss of teeth and death of livestock have occurred, crops have dried up, and heavy metals and toxic substances have accumulated in the soil. Thus, the ecosystem is associated with the damage of several page76 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue04,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai natural factors, as well as the disease of humans and livestock. Such an ecological situation can beconsidered agroup situation. Ecological situation sometimes occurs in connection with one factor or component. In most large areas of Uzbekistan, the ecological situation is dangerous due to pollution of water resources. The inability to use river waters as drinking water, the development of the phenomenon of re-salinization in the soil when using them for irrigation, as well as soil pollution with various wastes, aggravate the situation. Consumption of poor-quality river water by the population in the Lower Amu Darya, Lower Syrdarya, Lower Zarafshan, Lower Kashkadarya andotherregions affects thespread of various diseases among them. It especially causes severe complications in infants under 1 year old, young children, and women, and the prevalenceamong thepopulation isrelatively high in somedistricts and regions. According to the results of the study, the ecological situation associated with water resources in the republic is the priority, and the ecological situations associated with atmospheric air pollution and other reasons take the next place. There are satisfactory, average, acute, critical and catastrophic ecological situations in Uzbekistan. Satisfactory ecological situations are characteristicoftheslopes of themountain ranges, high and medium-altitudemountains.In these areas, natural conditions have practically not changed, only a quantitative decrease in some plants and animals is observed. The average ecological situation is characteristic of the mountains of medium and low altitude, some areas of the Kyzylkum and Ustyurt plateaus, wher