ORNAMENTS IN THE APPLIED ART OF THE FERGHANA VALLEY: TRADITIONS AND INNOVATIONS

Аннотация

This article highlights the activities of the master Shakir Mingbashi, who was at the forefront of the development of Rishton pottery at a new stage. The master's influence on the modern market economy is briefly described. Key words: Rishton, practical art, ornament, pottery, design, master, festival, folk art, technology. Master potters from Rishton, honoring the thousand-year-old traditions passed down from generation to generation through the school of master apprentices, are practicing technology, reviving lost and forgotten technologies, and are making bold and radical changes to the interpretation of the forms of objects and the nature of decorative compositions. Along with the in-depth study and restoration of traditional forms and patterns, individual creative initiative, integration of new methods, technologies and decorations are increasingly expanding. Young potters with such innovative methods, as noted above, have a number of privileges under state support and demonstrate the national values of our country to the whole world. One of the potters who has been working in this direction is Akhmadjonov Shokirjon Nosirovich, who is considered a descendant of dynastic potters. He first learned the secrets of the craft from his father Akhmadjonov Nosirjon, and later from master Botirjon, master Bahrom, and master Sherzodjon Rizaboev, and achieved the status of a master. On this path, the master was also mentored by his brother, master Sobirjon Akhmadjonov. The master is known among the people as Shokir Mingboshi, and together with his two brothers, masters Sobirjon (born in 1987) and Sodirjon (born in 1988), in 2011 he opened the family enterprise "Mingboshi Ceramic" and a workshop for the production and decoration of ceramic products. Initially operating as a small workshop since 1996, this facility has now become a 20- square-meter museum, exhibition hall, and pottery workshop. In addition to this museum, the enterprise has more than 10 production workshops. One of the most visited museums in the Rishton region by foreign and local tourists visiting 85 SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY International scientific-online conference the valley is the Mingbashi Ceramics Workshop, which continues to amaze visiting tourists, artists, specialists and art historians with its attractive ceramic products. In the early days of independence, when the master began his career, selling ceramic products was somewhat difficult. However, by the 2000s, the master began exporting his products to foreign countries. Currently, the master regularly participates in exhibitions in our country and around the world, demonstrating products created in harmony with tradition and innovation, and concluding cooperation agreements with various countries on export and trade issues. Among them, master Shakir Mingboshi exports more than 300 types of products to more than 10 countries, including the USA, Canada, Russia, Japan, China, Azerbaijan, Qatar, Tatarstan, Turkey, Germany, Italy, Spain, Latvia, Lithuania, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan. With the help of a master, 3,560 home-made apprentices are engaged in the global trade of ceramic products made in small family workshops set up in their homes and private workshops. After receiving the master's blessing, the young master opened a small workshop in his home and began teaching several apprentices the craft. The number of apprentices of the young master has now exceeded a thousand. The enterprise itself employs more than 10 senior and junior craftsmen and their apprentices. During his 30-year career, the master has been creating objects in various directions and technologies, constantly researching new things. At the same time, he is engaged in the restoration of ancient traditions. The master carefully studies the types of ancient Rishton pottery and strives to create objects at all stages. Among the collections of the museum, you can find blue-blue items typical of Khazrakipaz, as well as dark brown and reddish dishes of Khazrakipaz. Also, in the collection located near the Master's Museum, you can see items made on the basis of porcelain technology, which is considered as a heritage from the ancient Timurid period, and decorated with ancient ornaments and motifs, pomegranate, almond, chetan, chess, chaydisha, kachcord, and bakhori motifs. Also, in the collection located near the Master's Museum, you can see items made on the basis of porcelain technology, which is considered as a heritage from the ancient Timurid period, and decorated with ancient ornaments and motifs, pomegranate, almond, chetan, chess, chaydisha, kachcord, and bakhori motifs. 86 SOLUTION OF SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMY International scientific-online conference One of the last creations of the master is the restoration of the technology of hammering, which was made in the Rishton region until the beginning of the 20th century, and then was forgotten. This project was carried