Суэцкий канал и его влияние на социально-экономическое развитие и международное положение Египта (ХІХ – середина ХХ века)

Аннотация

of dissertation sent out on «____»______________2018. (Protocol at the register № ___ of «____»______________2018). B.А. Abdukhalimov Chairman of the Scientific Council awarding Scientific degrees, Doctor of History, Professor О.А. Koriev Scientific Secretary of the Scientific Council awarding Scientific degrees, Candidate of History E.Z. Nuriddinov Chairman of the Scientific Seminar at the Scientific Council awarding Scientific degrees, Doctor of History, Professor 44 INTRODUCTION (dissertation abstract of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)) The aim of the research work is to substantiate the influence of the Suez Canal on the social-economic development of Egypt, as well as on the change its place in the system of international relations. The object of the research work – social-economic, political and modernization reforms in Egypt in the XIX - the middle of the XX century. Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows: the reforms implemented before the construction of the Suez Canal in the vital spheres of the development of Egypt in the XIX century have been evaluated; the decisive influence of propaganda in the European media about the construction of the Suez Canal, which has taken shape as a political-ideological trend has been proved; the problems of the development of the major cities of Egypt (Port Said, Ismailia, Port Fuad, El Kantara, Suez, Port Taufik), which resulted in the construction of the Suez Canal have been revealed; the importance of the Suez Canal as a substantial geopolitical factor favoring a qualitatively new level of Egypt's role in world politics has been substantiated; the positive influence of the Suez Canal, as a trade, economic, modernization, and urban potential, on the socio-economic development of Egypt has been proved. Implementation of the research results. The implementation of scientific results and practical suggestions for substantiating the influence of the Suez Canal on the development of Egypt and its role in the system of international relations was as follows: the results of the research are included in the author's manual «Egypt in Modern Times» (Recommended for publication by the Republican Educational and Methodological Council of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 1 dated February 5, 2016); the revealed features of socio-economic and cultural processes of Egypt in the XIX - the middle of the XX century are reflected in the reports of the grant FA-A3- G047 – «The relationship of Central Asia with the countries of the foreign East (the history of socio-economic and cultural processes in the second half of the XIX - first half of the XX century.)». (2009 - 2011). (Act of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 3 / 1255-2540 dated November 29, 2017). The research work will serve further development of relations between the states of Central Asia and Egypt; conclusions and recommendations on the development of transport communications in Central Asia were used in the innovative project I1-FA-O- 64952 «The Sultanate of Oman: history, culture, economy, foreign policy» (2015) of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, for the effective implementation of economic and integration potential of transport corridor Uzbekistan - Turkmenistan - Iran - Qatar - Oman (Act of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 3 / 1255-2540 dated November 29, 2017); 45 the results of the research were reflected in the preparation of a scientific and analytical report on the state budget theme B-II-08-13 «Political modernization as a condition for the stable development of the Republic of Kazakhstan» (Reference dated November 16, 2016). Objective evaluation and practical conclusions allow to comprehensively analyzing the features of the project for the construction of the shipping channel «Eurasia» connecting the Caspian and Azov Seas. The outline of the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, which include six paragraphs, a conclusion, a list of references and sources, and also applications. 171 sources were used in the work. The main text of the thesis is set out on 150 pages. The first chapter - «Preconditions and main stages of the construction of the Suez Canal» - consisting of two paragraphs, represents the analysis of the socio-economic situation of Egypt on the eve of the construction of the Suez Canal, and the revealing of basic preconditions and stages of its construction and events that affected the country's political and socio-economic life in this period. The second chapter - «The Suez Canal and its impact on the financial situation and socio-economic development of Egypt» - consists of two paragraphs. They mainly represent the substantiation of the role of the Suez Canal in the financial enslavement of Egypt by European powers, its city-forming potential, and also the discussion of the issues of the country's socio-economic dev