THE ROLE OF UZBEK AND KARAKALPAK TONE AND INTONATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH

Аннотация

This article explores the role of Uzbek and Karakalpak intonation and tone to learning English. The article is written using a comparative method, analyzing the interaction of intonation and tone across these languages. Uzbek and Karakalpak intonation and tone are similar, however they are different from English. The results of the research indicate that the mastering intonation and tone enhances communicative competence. This scientific article aims to assist bilingual speakers of Uzbek and Karakalpak in process of learning English. Keywords: Uzbek and Karakalpak tone, intonation, communicative competence, bilingual. Introduction: Phonetic aspects play a crucial role in every language. Intonation and tone enhance the efficiency, effectiveness and emotional impact of communication. Each language has its own phonetic aspects. In Uzbek and Karakalpak intonation and tone are linked to syntactic and grammatical structures, whereas in English, they are related to meaning. In English, intonation is used to distinguish between statement, command or question. Rising intonation at the end of a sentence typically signals to yes/no question, while falling intonation indicates a statement. This article analyzes the differences, significance and similarities of intonation and tone in Uzbek and Karakalpak, difficulties for learners who speak these two languages and solution to them, their role in learning English. The similarities of Uzbek and Karakalpak tone and intonation. The term ‘intonation’ comes from the Latin word ’intonare’ which means ‘speak loudly’. This term has a great meaning in science, some scientists add the word ‘rhythm-melody’ as a synonym to this term, while others add rhythm, stress, pause and tempo. Shakhmatov says that the ending of the sentence depends on the intonation and tempo. ‘Intonation and tempo are the most significant grammatical tools that indicate the ending of the sentence, as well as the order of the words in the sentence and how they are connected’ (сб. «Шахматов», 1947, 327-328). It is known from history that every language is lexically enriched in two ways: internal source and external source. As a result of the wars (VII century), trade and 99 International scientific journal “Interpretation and researches” Volume 1 issue 3 (49) | ISSN: 2181-4163 | Impact Factor: 8.2 migrations many words from Arabic-Persian, Russian and other European languages through Russian entered to Uzbek and Karakalpak languages. Intonation in Uzbek is typically found at the end of the words or sentence. However, in words that came from the Arabic-Persian appears at the beginning of the word. Similarly, in Karakalpak language intonation is predominantly observed at the word’s end. This suggests that they are closely tied to grammatical side, in some exceptions with meaning. English tone and intonation and difficulties to Uzbek and Karakalpak speakers Unlike intonation in Turkic languages, English has main 4 tones (rising, falling, rising-falling and falling-rising tone) and intonation. They are closely related to meaning and emotional state of the sentence. Pitch and stress play a more significant role in English and they change when expressing emotions such as commands, surprise and question. Each sentence type has its characteristic intonation such as general questions, requiring yes or no answer typically have a rising intonation. In English, intonation and tone not only important in pronunciation, but also affect the whole meaning. For example: the phrase ‘Really?’ spoken with a rising tone expresses curiosity, when with a falling tone means doubt or sarcasm. This is quite different from Uzbek or Karakalpak, where word order and grammatical markers determine sentence structure. Learners from Uzbek or Karakalpak languages adapting to English pitch variations will take a time. Additionally, the placement of stress in English words often very complex and unpredictable, which can be difficult for students. However, listening podcasts, practicing more and focusing on tones can improve their intonation and understanding.