Statistical assessment of the structure of foreign trade of the republic of Uzbekistan

Аннотация

In this article, a statistical assessment of the composition of the republic's foreign trade is carried out. In the article, statistical indicators that fully represent the changes in the composition of foreign trade were used in the assessment. Proposals and recommendations are given based on the results of the analysis. Keywords: Statistical indicators, statistical assessment, export, import, trade balance, goods and services. economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan corresponds to Introduction: According to the United Nations the general trend in the development of the economy Department of Trade and Development (UNCTAD)'s of our country, as in many other countries. In this "Trade and Development Report", "The global regard, there are several important aspects of economy experienced an uneven and shallow global organizing foreign trade activities. First, as we have recovery in foreign trade in 2023. All countries, except noted above, trade is currently an important lever in for North Africa, Central Asia and East Asia, have shown the development of the economies of most countries. a slowdown in foreign trade activity since 2022." The globalization of foreign trade activities is Trends in international trade processes have seen associated with an increase in the share of production, countries around the world witness China overtaking consumption and employment for countries of all the United States as the leading exporting country. incomes and levels of development, associated with International trade in goods and services, which imports, exports and foreign direct investment. Recent experienced an uneven trend in the world trade market years have shown that the number and scale of trade in 2020-2022, is expected to grow by approximately 1% negotiations between countries have recorded a in 2023 [1]. This is significantly lower than the growth significant increase. in world economic output. It is also lower than the METHODS average growth recorded in the last decade, and is the lowest average growth rate of global trade since the Statistical research of foreign trade is a statistical end of World War II. In the medium term, trade will branch of foreign economic activity, which describes return to its pre-crisis level. the current state and development trends of foreign trade relations in the country and its regions. Foreign The important and growing role of foreign trade in the trade allows any economic entity to achieve valuable International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental 48 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijmef International Journal of Management and Economics Fundamental (ISSN: 2771-2257) value. Because an item that is considered waste in one production in the country does not stop developing. region may have a valuable value in another region. It In addition to statistical indicators that allow measuring can be concluded that the development of foreign quantitative changes in each part of the foreign trade trade relations attracts valuable resources to the indicators under study, the task of assessing socio- country and its regions. political changes in the course of the study can also be Many scholars have shown that the development of set. In such cases, it becomes necessary to study foreign trade of a country and its regions has a positive changes in economic phenomena over time. The issues impact on the well-being of the country's population. of analyzing the structure of foreign trade of a country For example, K.R. Reddy emphasizes that exports and and its regions have been studied by many scientists. imports enhance economic development, while G.T. For example, Rizvanova E.R. in her study noted the Karamanaj argues that imports can satisfy the existence of two methods for studying the structure of resource-scarce demand in the region. S. Yuksel and S. foreign trade and the comparative weight of their Zingen argue that imports, unlike exports, lead to the shares expressed in shares and percentages [10]. The loss of national currency and weaken the trade balance researcher proposed a system of relative indicators in order to weaken economic growth. However, S. that reveal structural changes in the structure. Another Bakari and M. Mabrouki argue that imports are a economist, Roditelskaya E. V., also noted the need to source of economic growth, and that imports can lead assess differences between similar structures as the to investment flows and value addition. most popular method for analyzing the structure of foreign trade (in this case, the study should consist of In general, we can put forward two hypotheses that two periods) [11]. The economist gave a broader establish the impact of exports and imports on understanding of the terms "change" and "difference" economic growth. In the first hypothesis, it is known in the structure of trade.таҳлил қилишда энг that exports are the driving force of the economy, and оммабоб услуб сифатида ўхшаш тузилмалар we conclude that exports are