Application of modern technologies in the development of energy-efficient technologies

Аннотация

The article analyzes the heat supply systems of industrial production processes and the amount of various emissions released into the atmosphere from them. The use of heat pump systems in industry is of great importance, taking into account environmental protection regulations and fluctuating fuel prices. Studies on the energy integration of industrial heat pumps have revealed that, due to the widespread use of high-temperature heat pump systems (>90 ℃), there are several opportunities for heating capacities from 20 kW to 20 MW, especially in the food, paper, metal, and chemical industries. The problems of transitioning to a heating system based on renewable energy sources have been studied. Keywords: Production processes, secondary energy sources, energy efficiency, heat pump devices, CO2, environmental protection. Introduction: Heat supply is widely used in industrial to a heat pump is waste heat, which simultaneously production, including chemical plants, for disinfection, reduces the cooling load and electricity imports. distillation, drying, regeneration and other purposes. METHODS Heat flows with temperatures from 60 °C to 140 °C are As part of the project, the authors conducted a required to meet the heat supply needs of the fertilizer, literature review, using analytical methods, pulp, paper, and food industries. Burning organic fuels observation, and other traditional methods. usually provides the heating process, which hinders The potential for heat pump systems in industry is efforts to decarbonize this sector. On the other hand, significant, especially given the environmental waste heat is a by-product of these facilities, as it is regulations and volatile fuel prices. According to the generated in exothermic chemical reactions occurring International Energy Agency’s Net Zero by 2050: A in industrial and chemical plants. Despite the amount Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector report, heat of residual energy, low-grade waste heat is usually pumps could meet 15% of the process heating demand discharged into the environment, which increases the of light industry by 2030, and this share could increase energy consumption of the system for cooling. In this to 30% by 2050 [3]. The use of high-temperature heat regard, heat pumps can use the available waste heat at pumps has been proposed to increase efficiency and low temperatures to improve and meet heating reduce emissions in various energy conversion systems requirements, while partially or completely replacing [3]. Indeed, the effective use of heat pump technology fuel-fired boilers and minimizing environmental could reduce CO2 emissions in district heating systems impacts [1,2]. Unlike electric resistances, which convert by 35%. The improvement and dissemination of power into heat energy; a large part of the energy input knowledge on the state-of-the-art, performance, and American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 56 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) future developments of high-temperature heat pumps RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (HTHPs) has been the subject of various studies [3]. In addition, sustainable global warming will lead to Collaboration has been carried out within the greater utilization of waste and environmental heat, framework of the IEA Heat Pump Technology (HT) which will reduce costs. According to estimates, the Cooperation Programme to promote the development current annual waste heat in China will save 1.3 billion and implementation of the technology. Problems tons of equivalent fuel (calculated based on the ratio of related to the need for high-temperature heat transfer, recycled waste heat to total national energy as well as the need for refrigerants with low global consumption), and the recovery of waste heat warming potential (GWP), have been identified. equivalent to 1 ton of equivalent fuel can prevent the Attention has been paid to the improved reliability and release of 2.77 tons of carbon dioxide into the safety of existing compressor technologies for large environment, which would be of great significance in heating capacities (>1 MW) [1,2,3]. the use of renewable energy and the reduction of CO2 In studies on the energy integration of industrial heat emissions. pumps, several possibilities have been identified for When CO2 emissions are reduced to zero, an energy large-scale use of high-temperature heat pump transition based on expanding sources of energy systems (>90 ℃), especially in the food, paper, metal demand and reducing costs is expected. At the same and chemical industries, with heating capacities time, four challenges need to be addressed to ranging from 20 kW to 20 MW. Most cycles are single- transform the heat sector in the coming decade, stage, differing in the type of compressor and the including measures to generate, supply, store and use refrigerant used (e.g. R245fa, R717, R744, R134a or heat, as well as to achieve zero CO2 e