Сравнительный анализ военных образов в узбекских и английских литературных произведениях

Аннотация

Ключевые слова: В этом исследовании сравниваются военные персонажи военная литература, в узбекской и английской военной литературе, с упором лексический выбор, на тематические и языковые различия в военных повествовательная повествованиях. С помощью анализа «Cry Behind the River» перспектива, военная литература, (Q. Norqobil), «From Here to Eternity» (J. Jones), «The Thin Red героизм, Line» (J. Jones) и «Uzbechka» (B. Abdug‘afur) исследование военные повествования. изучает, как культурные и исторические контексты формируют представления о солдатах, гражданских лицах, женщинах и детях. Результаты показывают, что различные языковые и дискурсивные структуры в каждой традиции отражают более широкие культурные перспективы войны и ее последствий. Traditionally, war literature was written by veterans and a few male civilians who wrote such literature to celebrate heroism, to overcome the trauma of their wartime experiences, and to justify war. Significant examples of war literature by ex-combatants and victims or survivors are furthermore written to overcome trauma and to reintegrate soldiers and survivors through artistic expression. War literature is thus a way by which people affected by wars try to “work through” the trauma of war and get healing from post- traumatic stress disorders since a vast majority of people who experience war whether as combatants or as victim-survivors are traumatized and find writing a way to overcome their trauma. Other literary works were composed to justify and glamourize the various wars they fictionalize, and to encourage participation in the war. As such, the single message that stories for boys produced at the beginning of the twentieth century and which was understood in the same way by all readers was that “war was an opportunity for adventure, comradeship, duty and service” [1]. Likewise, in America, during the First World War, writers expressed opinions about it with the majority of them passionately supporting U.S. intervention on the side of the Allies. Thus, while “opposition to the war did find literary expression, especially during the period of American neutrality, the overwhelming majority of wartime writing supported direct American involvement” [2]. This shows that war literature is also a means to declare war as inevitable and to gather support for wars and the war system as they suggest war as smarter, swifter, and nobler than other means to resolve conflict. Thus, writers use war literature to create a situation in which they can share their feelings, and persuade readers to appreciate and perhaps agree with them. However, there are other war literature that are less concerned with the military implications of wars but rather concerned with presenting their authors’ anti-heroic individual experiences of the war. This includes literature that grapples with the effects of conflicts on participants and victims/survivors, and a reflection of the views of society on wars in general. This type of literature is multifaceted, offering multiple points of view, including the view of the soldiers at the battlefront, the view of witnesses and civilians, as well as the different views of men and women who carry out various duties in war. 60 Xorijiy lingvistika va lingvodidaktika – Зарубежная лингвистика и лингводидактика – Foreign Linguistics and Linguodidactics Issue – 3 № 1 (2025) / ISSN 2181-3701 More importantly, war literature records the effects of wars on society and individuals. It records how wars destroy the social, cultural, and economic institutions of most countries that have experienced them. The destruction is on such a scale that no one is left untouched and writers of war literature portray these effects through their writing. As can be seen from the discussions above, there are several reasons why writers write about wars. This is seen in the way literature and war have had a strong relationship over the years. In most cases, the rise of wars leads to a rise in literary works about war [5]. Though many politicians and political scientists, historians, economists, journalists, opinion makers, and poll takers may not form their conclusions based on literary works but rather according to some ‘objective’ criteria, literature’s role in chronicling wars worldwide cannot be overemphasized. The advantages of chronicling wars through literature are outlined and discussed below. Analyzing works such as “Cry Behind The River” by Q. Norqobil [7], "From Here to Eternity" by J. Jones [10], "The Thin Red Line" by J. Jones [11], "War and Remembrance" by H. Wouk [12], one can assume that war has usually been viewed as a man’s business and as the people at the war front, they experience at first hand, the effects of war. The effects of war include death, physical deformity, and, after the war, the difficulties of living a normal non-military life, all of which are represented in literature. One significant effect of war on men represented in literature is the inability of