Abbreviated computer terms in English and Karakalpak languages

Аннотация

This study examines the active role of abbreviations in computer terminology in English and Karakalpak languages. The widespread use of abbreviated terms is driven by the need for efficiency in digital communication, reducing information volume while maintaining clarity. Computer-related abbreviations are classified into three main types: borrowed abbreviations, calqued abbreviations, and autochthonous abbreviations. The research highlights differences in abbreviation formation, including initialisms, acronyms, and reversible abbreviations, which are more prevalent in English due to its historical connection with IT development. Adaptation of these terms into Karakalpak follows phonetic and grammatical adjustments while preserving international recognition. The findings demonstrate that abbreviation is a key nominative feature of computer terminology, reflecting linguistic economy and the evolving nature of digital discourse. Keywords: Computer terminology, abbreviation, nominative function, lexical borrowing, acronyms, initialisms, IT lexicon, English language, Karakalpak language, linguistic adaptation. terms. If the abbreviated use of computer terms in the Introduction: The rise of the internet and digital form of phrases creates convenience for users, then communication has led to the widespread use of they also occupy less space in the electronic code and abbreviated internet terms, also known as internet create an opportunity to reduce the amount of slang or acronyms. These terms serve to enhance information and place it in a larger volume. We see that online interactions by making communication faster computer terms in the abbreviated form became active and more efficient. This article explores the origins, in a short period of time compared to other fields and significance, and categories of internet abbreviations, acquired an active position like ordinary words. highlighting their role in social media, gaming, business, Abbreviations such as internet - internet, wi-fi - vay-fay and everyday online conversations. While these terms in English and Karakalpak are among them. provide convenience, they can also create misunderstandings, particularly among individuals It is known that lexical units designed to perform a unfamiliar with digital jargon. Understanding nominative function consisting of two or more commonly used abbreviations is crucial for effective components in a language are abbreviated, and in most online communication in the modern digital era. cases, they are carried out on the basis of nouns. In English linguistics, the last type of hierarchical stages of While abbreviations improve communication word formation is abbreviations and acronyms, and in efficiency, they can also pose challenges. this terminological lexicon, it can be seen that the use Misinterpretations may arise when users are unfamiliar of abbreviations and acronyms is much more with specific acronyms, leading to confusion. widespread than in the Karakalpak language. Additionally, excessive reliance on abbreviations in Therefore, D. S. Lotte, who directly dealt with issues of formal communication may reduce clarity and scientific and technical terminology, also speaks about professionalism. the reduction of terms in this lexical layer, emphasizing From the analysis of materials collected from English the accuracy, brevity of the term and one of the and Karakalpak languages, it can be seen that requirements for it . abbreviated terms are very active among computer American Journal of Applied Science and Technology 10 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajast American Journal of Applied Science and Technology (ISSN: 2771-2745) The large number of abbreviated terms among 5. SSD (Solid-State Drive) – A faster and more computer terms in the English and Karakalpak durable storage device compared to HDDs. languages, on the one hand, is associated with the 6. OS (Operating System) – The software that development of society, science, and technology, and manages hardware and software resources. on the other hand, one of the nominative derivational 7. BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) – Firmware features of computer terms in the studied languages is used to initialize hardware during boot-up. considered to be the use of them in the form of abbreviated words as active term elements. Because 8. USB (Universal Serial Bus) – A standard for the abbreviated terms formed on the basis of word connecting peripherals such as keyboards and flash combinations and the combinations that form them are drives. intended to express this information. At the same time, Networking and Internet Abbreviations the emergence and widespread use of such words is 1. IP (Internet Protocol) – The unique address that explained by saving linguistic tools when conveying identifies a device on a network. concepts related to computers. 2. LAN (Local Area Network) – A network that Abbreviations, which constitute an important part of connects computers within a limited