Bioecological Characteristics of Crataegus Turkestanica Pojark. In the Kungurbuka Mountains of The Chatkal Range (Uzbekistan)

Аннотация

This article presents the results of research on the study of some biological and ecological features of one of the species of Crataegus – C. turkestanica Pojark. Issues such as the association of this species with plant communities, the density of individuals in cenopopulations, the influence of environmental factors on fruit yield were studied and the operational reserves of fruits in the studied territory were calculated. Keywords: Plant community, coenopopulation, age composition of the coenopopulation, density of individuals, stock density, biological stock, operational stock. Introduction: The studied territory - Mount Kungurbuka is located within the boundaries of 410 30' - 410 40' north latitude and 690 45' - 700 00' east longitude and administratively belongs to the Bustanlyk district of the Tashkent region. It is located on the western part of the Chatkal range of the Southwestern Tien Shan. Its total length from southwest to northeast is about 20 km, and its width ranges from 5 to 12 km. The total area of the research area is more than 150 km2. The northern and northwestern parts of the research area are bordered by the Chirchik River. The foothills of the Karzhantau ridge are located on the right bank of the river, almost European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research 5 https://eipublication.com/index.php/eijmrms and Management Studies European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies parallel to the research area. In the north there is one petioles, slightly shorter or equal to the leaves. On short of the largest in the republic, the Charvak reservoir, shoots, leaves with a wedge—shaped, often wide base, which arose at the confluence of the large rivers of the 10-30 mm long, 7-30 mm wide, the lower ones are Western Tien Shan, the Pskov, Koksu and Chatkal. With three-divided, the upper ones are up to 3.5 cm long, a dam height of 145 meters, the water capacity of the five-divided. On sterile shoots, the leaves are much Charvak reservoir is 1.7 billion m3. The southern larger, up to 5 cm long and wide, five or seven- border of the territory reaches Galvasai, and the branched, with incised blades, often wider than those of eastern border reaches Ishakkupriksai and Archali the leaves of short shoots, and with a cut base. Pass. The western spurs of the Maly Chimgan Inflorescences are 12-15-flowered, often with slightly Mountain with the highest point of 2098 m begin from hairy axes and pedicels. Flowers with a diameter of 16- that place. 18 mm; sepals narrowly lanceolate, reaching to the middle of the hypanthium; stamens 18-20; column 1, Kungirbuka Mountain is characterized by an arid and straight or bent. The fruits are broadly ellipsoidal, 11-13 subarid climate, with significant temperature mm long, 9-11 mm wide, dark red, with 1 stone. fluctuations and low rainfall. Conditions vary Flowering in June. Fruiting since September [2, 3]. depending on altitude, which directly affects the composition of vegetation and phytocenotic Hawthorn is suitable for mountain forest reclamation. characteristics of species. The flora of Kungirbuka Surface prostrate root systems strengthen the soil well, Mountain is quite rich in species. According to our preventing it from being washed away. A good honey calculations, the region has more than 600 species of plant, the wood is beautiful, durable, and easy to vascular plants, and among them there are many process [4]. It is used in folk medicine, as well as the medicinal plants that have pharmacological properties Pontic hawthorn [5]. The most complete information on and are used in scientific and folk medicine. In this the biochemical composition and use of hawthorn fruits article, we present the results of many years of is given in the works of M.S. Zokov, M.H. Malikov, E.H. research on the study of an interesting and promising Botirov [6]. Hawthorn flowers and fruits are used for tree species Crataegus turkestanica Pojark (Hawthorn). functional disorders of cardiac activity, atrial fibrillation, This species is of great importance in the formation of paroxysmal tachycardia, myocarditis, atherosclerosis, Kungurbuka plant communities, for strengthening soils heart obesity, vegetative dystonia, circulatory on slopes and in preventing erosion. insufficiency in elderly people, rheumatism, insomnia, hypertension and other diseases [7–9]. In folk medicine, Kungirbuka Mountain is subject to significant an infusion of flowers and fruits is taken orally for heart temperature fluctuations: in summer it can be hot neurosis, hypertension, suffocation caused by heart here, and in winter temperatures drop significantly. ailments, a rush of blood to the head and severe Crataegus turkestanica tolerates such climatic stresses nervous shocks [8-10]. Hawthorn preparations improve due to its drought resistance and ability to survive cold the blood flow of the coronary artery and contraction of winters. the heart muscle, therefore it is wid