EXAMINING CRIMINAL LIABILITY IN NIGERIA: THE INFLUENCE OF SECTION 24 OF THE CRIMINAL CODE

Аннотация

This paper examines the impact of Section 24 of Nigeria’s Criminal Code on criminal liability, focusing on how this provision shapes the interpretation of intent and responsibility in criminal cases. Section 24, which addresses the principle of mens rea—the guilty mind required for criminal liability—stipulates the conditions under which individuals may be held accountable for criminal acts. This study explores how Section 24 influences judicial decisions by analyzing its application in Nigerian courts, particularly in cases involving negligence, intent, and strict liability offenses. By investigating key cases and legal interpretations, the paper highlights both the strengths and limitations of Section 24 in defining criminal liability. The findings suggest that while Section 24 provides a foundational framework for establishing intent, its application raises complex questions about accountability, especially in cases involving mental incapacity or involuntary actions. Ultimately, this study calls for a critical review of Section 24 to ensure it aligns with evolving legal standards and the principles of justice. KEYWORDS Section 24, Criminal Code, Nigeria, criminal liability, mens rea, intent, criminal responsibility, negligence, strict liability, judicial interpretation, legal reform.