THE DEVELOPMENT OF BRITISH CHILDREN’S LITERATURE

Аннотация

В этой статье исследуется британская детская литература с ее особым историческим статусом и социальной ценностью. Книга «От промышленной революции к революции в детской литературе: A Study on Modern and Contemporary British Fairy-tale Stories иллюстрирует основную нить художественных компонентов и эволюционных тенденций в истории британской детской литературы. Это обогащает содержание и расширяет горизонты зарубежного литературоведения в Узбекистане. Британская детская литература имеет богатую и постоянно развивающуюся историю, предлагая увлекательное путешествие через меняющиеся времена и эволюционирующие идеи о детстве, образовании и повествовании. Ключевые слова: детская литература, сказка, образность, жанр фэнтези, литературоведение, символы. Annotatsiya Ushbu maqolada ingliz bolalar adabiyoti o'zining alohida tarixiy maqomi va ijtimoiy qiymati bilan ko'rib chiqiladi. Sanoat inqilobidan bolalar adabiyotidagi inqilobgacha: zamonaviy Britaniya ertak hikoyalari bo'yicha tadqiqot Britaniya bolalar adabiyoti tarixidagi badiiy komponentlar va evolyutsion tendentsiyalarning asosiy yo'nalishini ko'rsatadi. Bu O‘zbekistondagi xorijiy adabiyotshunoslik fanining mazmunini boyitib, dunyoqarashini kengaytiradi. Britaniya bolalar adabiyoti boy va doimiy 65 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference rivojlanib boruvchi tarixga ega bo‘lib, o‘zgarib borayotgan zamonlar va bolalik, ta’lim va hikoyalar haqidagi g‘oyalarni o‘zgartirish orqali qiziqarli ma'lumotlarni taklif etadi. Kalit so‘zlar: bolalar adabiyoti, ertak, tasvir, fantaziya janri, adabiyotshunoslik, ramzlar. Children's literature of a nation reflects its thinking mode and spirit. British children's literature not only invigorates British literature but also helps with the formation and development of the indigenous literature and culture in Britain. Therefore, British children's literature has its particular historic status and social value. From the Industrial Revolution to Children's Literature Revolution: A Study on Modern and Contemporary British Fairy-tale Stories illustrates the main thread of the artistic components and evolutionary trend in the history of British children's literature. It is the first book in China that focuses on the evolution of British fairy tales. Overcoming the narrow views on fairy-tale literature, it enriches the content and broadens the horizons of foreign literature studies in Uzbekistan. The book will certainly exert great influences on the macrocosmic studies on children's literature for its outstanding value in historic studies and its exemplary role in academic quality. British children's literature has a rich and ever-evolving history, offering a fascinating journey through changing times and evolving ideas about childhood, education, and storytelling. From moral instruction to fantastical adventures, the stories continue to inspire, educate, and entertain generations of readers. The beginnings of early British Children’s literature The roots of British children's literature, though not as readily apparent as the flowering of the 19th century, lie in the 17th and 18th centuries, a period marked by social and intellectual upheaval. This nascent form of literature was characterized by a strong emphasis on moral instruction and religious education, yet within these didactic structures, seeds of imagination and storytelling began to take root. The earliest forays into children's literature were often extensions of religious texts and devotional materials. John Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" (1678), though intended for adults, served as a crucial touchstone. Its allegorical journey, filled with captivating characters and moral dilemmas, resonated with children, paving the way for accessible narratives with a spiritual undercurrent. Isaac Watts, an influential poet and hymn writer, further cemented this trend with his "Divine and Moral Songs for Children" (1715). The poems, imbued with religious themes and simple rhyme schemes, aimed to install Christian values in 66 DEVELOPMENT OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN MODERN SCIENCES International scientific-online conference young minds. While undeniably didactic, they also employed vivid imagery and engaging stories, hinting at the potential for storytelling to be more than just a tool for moral instruction. However, the shift towards a more child-centred approach began to emerge in the 18th century. Authors like Sarah Fielding, sister of the famous novelist Henry Fielding, penned works like "The Governess" (1749). This novel, while still grounded in moral lessons, aimed for a more engaging narrative style, introducing a young protagonist and a more relatable, everyday setting. The focus shifted from solely religious instruction to embracing the complexities of childhood experiences and social interactions. The emergence of the "child reader" as a distinct audience was further propelled by the publication of "The History of Li