REGIONAL STRATEGIC BALANCE AND IRANIAN POLITICAL IMPACT ON IRAQI NATIONAL SECURITY SINCE 2003

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION occupation of Iraq by the United States of America, When Iraq was occupied, the regional environment as regional countries felt that they were surrounding Iraq after 2003 entered a new phase threatened and that their security would be that was different from the previous one and threatened as a result of the significant American created a unique situation in the Middle East and military presence in the region. As a result of the the regional area surrounding Iraq and the importance of Iraq and its geostrategic position, imbalance that prevailed and the relations of the Iraq became a vital target for regional and active powers from within the region entered into international countries active in the region, and its chaos and instability. Hence, the countries were security became directly affected by the nature of unable to predict the results of matters or their the existing regional balances. The study attempts development, which led to the creation of a state of to answer the following questions, the most anticipation and confusion, and waiting for what important of which are: the situation in the region would lead to and what the results and repercussions of the war on Iraq 1- How did the strategic balances emerging after would decide and the impact on Iraqi national 2003 affect and continue to affect Iraqi national security. security? The Problem of the Study 2- What are the effects and repercussions of the nature of the balances on Iraqi security and its The study attempts to answer the problem impact on the reality of the Middle East, especially represented by the fact that Iraqi national security Iran? was greatly affected after 2003 as a result of the https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajssei 84 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION INNOVATIONS (ISSN- 2689-100X) VOLUME 06 ISSUE08 Hypothesis of the Study The first requirement: The concept of balance and strategic balance The study attempts to prove the following hypothesis: Balance is “a general law and social principle that can be used as a useful and beneficial means for Iraqi national security is affected negatively and studying international relations and analyzing positively according to the nature of the strategic their patterns of interactions.” Some researchers balances existing in the region. Whenever the have defined it as Balance generally means a stable active countries in the area agree, it is reflected in state and is referred to without thinking as a the occurrence of a stable strategic balance. As a symbol of a stable and usual state. This state is not result, it is reflected positively in Iraqi national always ideal but suggests stability and a lack of security and vice versa. tension. In many cases, balance refers to something Importance of the Study beyond that, as it means usual stability, i.e., the Identifying the strategies affecting Iraqi national ideal state. We notice that all sciences use this security and regional strategic balances in the term. Sociology uses the term social balance to Middle East since 2003 and the political role describe a society free of tensions. played by Iran and its impact on Iraq In contrast, psychology uses the term Objective of the Study psychological balance to express the normal state of a person, which is in a standard form or shape. Reaching solutions to describe Iranian political Economics also uses balance to describe influences on Iraqi national security after 2003 acceptable situations, such as the balance between First section: Concepts of balance, strategic supply and demand, trade balance, and the balance balance and Iraqi national security between exports and imports (2). The strategic What the region witnessed after 2011 the so-called balance is the result of the conflict that takes place (Arab Spring) represented a revolution in between international and regional powers, which changing the reality of the Middle East region and compete with each other to obtain the most changing the balance of regional and international significant possible amount of energy, in addition powers as a result of competition over this vital to the escalation of political and military region, and the impact of this increased after 2014, competition between the great powers to change which witnessed an excellent state of weakness the equation of strategic balance through direct and dangerous security exposure as a result of the clashes or proxy wars to achieve their interests occupation of many Iraqi and Syrian lands by the and goals. The other term is strategic balance, as terrorist organization ISIS, which contributed to many experts believe that what is meant by increasing the conflict and regional competition in strategic balance is the state of stability or the region and its reflection on Iraq in particular, equilibrium in measuring the comprehensive which demonstrated the state of weakness and capabilities of countries, i.e., military, economic,