CHANGES IN PAKISTAN'S FOREIGN POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ENTRY OF US TROOPS INTO AFGHANISTAN

Аннотация

INTRODUCTION organization made the political situation in The events of September 11, 2001 are considered Afghanistan even more tense. In response to the by the world community as a political turning point committed acts, the US government called on the and change point. This tragedy created the ground world community to form an anti-terrorist for major changes in the relations between coalition and fight against existing terrorist groups Afghanistan and Pakistan. During this period, in Afghanistan. Many countries responded Pakistan's policy towards Afghanistan changed for positively to this initiative. According to the White the better. But the volatility of the relations House, about 90 countries have supported the between the two countries has remained until now. coalition against terrorism. This anti-terrorist The terrorist attack on the territory of the United coalition is recognized as the largest and most States, as a result of the Al-Qaeda organization powerful coalition in the history of the United operating in Afghanistan, took responsibility for States.[1;138] The United States and its allies, first the terrorist attack, which led to the emergence of of all, on the basis of the UN Security Council new participants in the relations between Resolution No. 1386, reached a mutual agreement Afghanistan and Pakistan. At this point, special on the issue of the introduction of NATO troops to attention should be paid to the participation of the Afghanistan and the creation of the International United States in the relations between the two Security Assistance Force (ISAF). In 2001, ISAF countries. Because the US aimed to enter troops carried out operations in Kabul and the Afghanistan through the military in order to surrounding areas to ensure security in implement its strategic goals, reduce the influence Afghanistan. This meant that the main focus of the of Russia in the region and control the political Kabul government was on security. The results of situation related to Iran. scientific research show that by this time, The successive actions of the Al-Qaeda terrorist Afghanistan's internal security systems were in an https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajpslc 8 THE USA JOURNALS THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE LAW AND CRIMINOLOGY (ISSN- 2693-0803) VOLUME 06 ISSUE07 unsatisfactory state, and the government felt a caused difficulties in the fight against the "Taliban" great need to develop political institutions. In 2002, movement. Although they resisted the Taliban a special group was formed by the UN to control the together, they had their own political interests.[6; internal order in Afghanistan, and this group 25] This can be assessed as a result of the failure of (Afghan National Army) played a major role in the field commanders in Afghanistan to agree with formation of the Afghan National Army.[2] As a each other and the frequent occurrence of military continuation of the process, since 2003, under the conflicts. After the entry of the ISAF troops, the supervision of the UN Security Council, ISAF troops "Taliban" movement was defeated in Afghanistan have begun to gradually cover the entire country. as a result of the cooperation of the forces of the US Ambassador to Afghanistan Zalmay Khalilzad, Northern Alliance and the international anti- on the eve of the entry of coalition troops, puts terrorist coalition. But this did not mean that the forward the following opinion: We will face "Taliban" movement would disappear completely. difficulties in fighting against terrorist groups According to American expert Bruce Riedel: without forming political institutions in "Americans note that they have not been able to Afghanistan.[3;109] The US government has paid correctly assess the influence and power of radical serious attention to the formation of political groups.[7;28] We will discuss this idea in detail in institutions. But it was much easier for the US the third chapter. government to install them than to shape them. The government of Pakistan is of particular Nevertheless, after 2001, democratic processes in importance in the organization of terrorist groups Afghanistan gained momentum. and in delivering the main part of the material METHOD supply base. Based on the above reasoning, Pakistan's political actions can be evaluated as an During this period, there were three main groups export of terrorism. But the Pakistani government in the territory of Pakistan and Afghanistan: strongly opposes this position, and shows these "Taliban" movement (Mullah Umar died in Karachi processes as the result of the shortcomings of the hospital in 2013), Haqqani group (Jalaluddin Afghan government's management system. The US Haqqani died in September 2018), Al-Qaeda group government aimed to use the territory of Pakistan (Usama Bin Loden was killed in his residence in to establish its influence in the South Asian region. Abbatabad, Pakistan in May 2011). The presence of But the goals of the