Роль сферы услуг в развитии страны

Аннотация

The article focuses on the factors affecting the improvement of the living standard of the population through the development of the service sector. Keywords: standard of living of the population, quality of life, demand, consumption, savings of the population, wages, income of the population. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the Address of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev to the Oliy Majlis on January 24, 2020, the programmatic and targeted tasks that need to be implemented in the economic sphere in 2020 and the following years were defined. One of the first tasks mentioned in the petition was that "in 2020, ensuring macroeconomic stability and curbing inflation is our main task in the process of economic reforms"[1]. To fulfill this task, it is necessary to develop the service sector. The share of services in the country's gross domestic product is significant. The term "service" refers to the labor of a certain person for another person (the state). But if it is analyzed theoretically, it has its definition. If you pay attention to the works of our scientists in this regard, you will see that they have different views. In particular, Mukhammedov M.M. defines service provision as follows: "The service sector is defined as an area that directly and significantly affects the health, mood, attitude to work of the population, the productivity of workers, the level of satisfaction and happiness with their lives, the life and development of production forces in general" [2] those who gave. Q. J. Mirzaev defined the service as follows. The term "service" refers to income-generating actions and activities aimed at satisfying the consumption needs and material and spiritual interests of people in production and non-production facilities [3]. If we look at the period of development of service in the history of mankind, service has been used since the emergence of human society in order to ensure continuous progress in human daily activities, in constant effort to improve it, creativity and on this basis to achieve satisfaction of all needs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider service as a philosophical category, knowing that it is a process, and the process is an action, not simply, but as an action aimed at the development and prosperity of the human society. Table 1. Changes in the indicators of employment of residents of the Republic of Uzbekistan and Samarkand region in economic sectors in 2018-2020* Republic of Uzbekistan Samarkand region № Indicators Years 2018 2019 2020 2018 2019 2020 Permanent population 1 32656,7 33255,5 33 905,2 3720,1 3 798,9 3 877,4 (thousands) Economically active 2 14641,7 14876,4 14797,9 1620,6 1604,2 1585,4 population (thousands) The share of the permanently 3 44,8 44,7 43,6 43,6 42,2 40,9 active population (in percent 4 Population employed in the 13273,1 13541,1 13239,6 1463,3 1455,8 1410,9 Volume: 02 Issue: 04 | 2023 Page | 68 https://univerpubl.com/index.php/horizon Horizon: Journal of Humanity and Artificial Intelligence ISSN: 2835-3064 economy (thousands of people) Share of the economically 5 90,7 91,0 89,5 90,3 90,7 89,0 active population (in percent) Including: articles on economic sectors In industry (thousand 6 1802,9 1821,5 1789,7 196,1 197,5 191,5 people) Share of the employed 7 population in the economy 13,6 13,5 13,5 13,4 13,6 13,6 (in percent) In the village, forest and 8 3537,2 3544,6 3560,0 396,6 393,1 392,2 fishery (thousand people) Share of the employed 9 population in the economy 26,6 26,2 26,9 27,1 27,0 27,8 (in percent) In the construction industry 10 1205,5 1324,6 1267,8 147,8 144,1 138,3 (thousand people) Share of the employed 11 population in the economy 9,1 9,8 9,6 10,1 9,9 9,8 (in percent) In service (thousands of 12 6727,5 6850,4 6622,0 722,9 720,6 688,9 people) Share of the employed 13 population in the economy 50,7 50,6 50,0 49,4 49,5 48,8 (in percent) Most importantly, the need for services differs sharply from the need for material services in terms of their nature and importance in the development of a person as a human being. Modernization and re- equipment of service sector networks, increasing the quality of services based on providing them with qualified personnel, expanding the range of services based on the diversification of this sector, producing new types of services, rapidly increasing the volume of services is an important condition for fully meeting the needs of the population. In the American scientist A. Maslow's pyramid, physiological (material) needs are given the first place in terms of importance. Undoubtedly, such needs are characteristic of any society and must be satisfied at the first level, regardless of the form of the social system and the level of development of the productive forces. Humans, as conscious moving living beings, must first of all meet their primary needs, i.e., eat food, wear clothes, and have