Globalization and language change

Аннотация

This article dives deep into the concept of globalization, its effects on different fields, especially on languages. Since the concept of globalization and English language has become interconnected, neither of them can be discussed without mentioning the other one. That is how it becomes clear that English is undoubtedly the most popular and powerful language that shapes the society that decides how the businesses and transaction’s function. Apart from its advantages in terms of globalization and development of communication, it clearly has cons when it comes to the degradation and understatement of other non-English languages. This article also argues that it is important to take into consideration the value of local languages that are threatened by the 273 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world globalization and popularity of English. On the one hand, these phenomena led to the spread of English and rise of multilingualism which are obviously positive developments. On the other hand, globalization has also resulted in the decline of minority languages. Therefore, it is important to be aware of both pros and cons of globalization and behave according to it so that linguistic diversity can be promoted without degrading local languages Key words: globalization, English, business, multilingualism, non-English languages, Enlightenment, Renaissance. Integration of languages where speakers of one language borrow words and expressions from another language has been witnessed thanks to globalization. This situation enhances and reflects our interconnected lives. For example, the use of phrases like ‘café’ (French), ‘siesta’ (Spanish) among English speakers or other languages borrowing the word ‘net’ from English are the examples of that case. This interconnectedness between languages enriches the diversity of languages and represents how cultural exchange and blend happens globally. Admittedly, globalization has significantly shaped how the modern world functions and continues to influence on our everyday lives. However, how did it all begin? It is important to trace back the origins of the phenomenon that is under research to understand its features and potentials so we can be ready to notice the patterns and repetitions of actions once it happens in the future. The controversy of when and how globalization began still remains an issue to be solved. It is believed by the majority that the beginning of the globalization goes well back the 16th century when Europeans decided to sail across the ocean to conquer the world and start the age of colonialism. By doing so, those colonizers tried to impose their culture, as well as languages upon the countries that they occupied. English, at that time was one of the most highly valued languages among the natives, especially in Britain. Therefore, it would be no lie to say that it was the start of the English language becoming a commonplace even among non-natives. culture and the language of the colonized countries were completely ignored and de-valued so the impact of the cultural imperialism upon the colonized culture including language was strongly negative. This is clear when we look at areas like India and Arab countries in North Africa colonized by Britain and France respectively, where French till today is used in their everyday communication and 274 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world interaction. The same can be said about the use of English in Asia, Africa...etc. Accordingly, people in these countries have to develop language skills not in many languages, but in one. Goswami identifies this one language as he refers to the colonization age when English served the colonial British Empire and now is widely used as the language of knowledge, economy and the internet. (Salih, Ahmed.;2023) There is another view that suggests the roots of globalization descended from The Enlightenment era in the 18th century in the United States of America when the idea that scientific knowledge is non-territorial and there is a valid objective truth for everyone, spread globally. Since every field possible, especially science, education and art started accelerating around the globe, the need for learning languages has increased significantly because it was a must if you wanted to communicate with those in another corner of the world. With the English still dominating most of the world, their native tongue was also standardized key of communication in most of the countries (and it continues to do so). However, globalization goes in many directions, and is a versatile process, which cannot be reduced only to one sphere. Globalization, as the expansion, intensification, and deepening of global interdependence and interconnectedness, is manifested in all aspects of modern life and is one of the key transformations of modern society [3, р.8]. The most rapid processes of interaction happened in the 50’s of the XX century. They were facilitated by