Simultaneous interpretation as a means of developing speaking skills

Аннотация

This article provides an overview of the three main processes of word formation in modern English: derivation, compounding, and borrowing. Derivation is the process of creating a new word from an existing word by adding a prefix or suffix. Compounding is the process of combining two or 342 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world more existing words to create a new word. Borrowing is the process of taking a word from another language and adding it to the English lexicon. Keywords: Translation evolution, Word formation in translation, Derivation, Compounding, Borrowing, Modern linguistics, written translation skills. Modern linguistics is a diverse and interdisciplinary field that encompasses the study of all aspects of language, from its sound system to its meaning. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the stylistic, lexicological, and syntactic issues that shape how we use language in everyday communication. Stylistic Issues Style refers to the way in which a writer or speaker uses language to create a particular effect. It can be influenced by a number of factors, including the genre of the text, the intended audience, and the purpose of the communication. Modern linguistics has identified a number of different stylistic devices that can be used to create different effects. These devices include: 1. Metaphor: A comparison between two things that are not literally alike. 2. Simile: A comparison between two things that are not literally alike, but which share some common characteristic. 3. Personification: Giving human qualities to non-human things. 4. Hyperbole: An exaggeration for effect. 5. Irony: Saying the opposite of what is meant. (Bauer, L, 2003). Stylistic devices can be used to create a variety of effects, such as humor, pathos, and persuasion. They can also be used to convey the author’s or speaker’s attitude towards their subject matter. Lexicological Issues: Lexicology is the study of the vocabulary of a language. It is concerned with the meaning of words, their history, and their usage. One of the most important issues in modern lexicology is the question of how new words are created. New words can be created through a variety of processes, including: 343 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world a) Derivation: Creating a new word from an existing word by adding a prefix or suffix. b) Compounding: Combining two or more existing words to create a new word. c) Borrowing: Taking a word from another language. English is a language that is constantly evolving, and new words are being added to the lexicon all the time. There are three main ways in which new words can be created: derivation, compounding, and borrowing. Derivation: Derivation is the process of creating a new word from an existing word by adding a prefix or suffix. For example, the word “unhappy” is derived from the word “happy” by adding the prefix “un-“. Other common prefixes include “re-” (meaning “again”), “pre-” (meaning “before”), and “post-” (meaning “after”). Suffixes are added to the end of words to change their meaning or part of speech. For example, the suffix “-ness” can be added to adjectives to create nouns (e.g., “happiness”), and the suffix “-ly” can be added to adjectives to create adverbs (e.g., “happily”). Compounding: Compounding is the process of combining two or more existing words to create a new word. For example, the word “blackboard” is a compound of the words “black” and “board”. Other common compounds include “doghouse”, “bookstore”, and “smartphone”. Compounds can be written as one word (e.g., “blackboard”), two words (e.g., “book store”), or hyphenated (e.g., “doghouse”). (Marchand, H, 1969). Borrowing: Borrowing is the process of taking a word from another language and adding it to the English lexicon. For example, the word “sushi” is a loanword from Japanese. Other common loanwords include “pizza” (from Italian), “taco” (from Spanish), and “kimono” (from Japanese). Loanwords are often used to describe things that are not native to the English- speaking world. However, they can also be used to describe new concepts or ideas. 344 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world Derivation, compounding, and borrowing are all important processes of word formation in modern English. These processes allow us to create new words to describe new concepts and ideas, and to adapt our language to the changing world around us. New words are constantly being created to reflect changes in our world and the way we live. Lexicologists play an important role in documenting these new words and ensuring that they are properly understood. Simultaneous translation plays a crucial role in facilitating communication and fostering understanding among people from different linguistic backgrounds. It allows for real-time exchange of ideas and information, breaking down language barriers and promoting global cooperation. (Saidova.G.A, 2021) Syntactic Issues: Syntax i