Семантические и структурные особенности фразеологизмов, используемых для выражения гендерных стереотипов в обществе

Аннотация

This article is devoted to the topic semantic and structural features of phraseological units used for expressing gender stereotypes in society which provides information gender marked idioms, the role of gender and the classification of gender stereotypes. Аннотация: Данная статья посвящена теме семантические и структурные особенности фразеологизмов, используемых для выражения гендерных стереотипов в обществе, что дает информацию о гендерно маркированных идиомах, роли гендера и классификации гендерных стереотипов. Keywords: gender, phraseology, phraseological units, gender equality Nowadays the term phraseology plays a vital role in many spheres since it conveys deep interpretations in one sentence. Also, it assists us more clearly imagine the way of thinking and the system of evaluations of a person of a remote era: after all, if a stable phrase has developed, therefore, certain meaningful correlations are firmly fixed in the mind. Moreover, the study of phraseological units allows you to penetrate deeper into the content of the word, to avoid erroneous interpretation. The main thing of studying this topic is the gender-marked idioms. Idioms are the basic components of the structure of which are lexemes denoting a male or female person and their contextual uses, selected by continuous sampling from the English- Russian phraseological dictionary A.V. Kunin and six dictionaries of British and American idioms, namely: Penguin Dictionary of English Idioms, Cambridge International Dictionary of Idioms, Longman Idioms Dictionary, American. 8 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world Gender stereotypes are closely related to existing gender roles in a given society and serve to maintain and reproduce them. In particular, gender stereotypes contribute to the maintenance of gender inequality. The content and degree of expression of gender stereotypes varies in different cultures and in different historical periods, although there are some cross-cultural similarities. Scientific studies of gender differences show that gender stereotypes are generally untru, but their stability is ensured, in particular, by cognitive distortions that allow people to selectively perceive and interpret information coming from the outside world. According to the theory of social roles, gender stereotypes arise as a result of the existence of gender roles - social expectations that prescribe certain behavior to a person depending on his gender. In other words, by observing how representatives of different genders do different things, people conclude that they are fundamentally different from each other. At the same time, gender stereotypes serve as a mechanism for maintaining gender roles: beliefs about the unique qualities and distinctive features of a particular gender are used to justify the need to behave in accordance with the corresponding gender role. Phraseology is approved as the basis for the formation worldview, behavioral and general cultural attitudes of a person, and a tool for stereotyping these attitudes. In linguistics, the concepts of gender, gender stereotype are an object of interdisciplinary knowledge, the study of which requires an integrative approach, including general methodological, general scientific and private scientific grounds. These concepts are included in one of the basic characteristics of personal ties that determine the psychological and social development of human. The stereotype as a research tool in linguistics allows interpret linguistic phenomena, establish parallels between them, compare and find general and particular patterns, complements / refutes our knowledge about objects or situations on the material of language data. [Vilinbakhova, 2012] The theoretical basis of the study is the interpretive model of the meaning of the idiom and the cognitive-procedural description of the “idiom in action” by V.N. Telia. 9 Topical issues of language training in the globalized world Paremias serve as an important source of interpretation according to V.N. Teliya, the majority proverbs - these are prescription stereotypes national self-consciousness, giving a fairly wide scope for choice for the purpose of self-identification " [Telia, 1996]. Although not all proverbs and phraseological units contain gender categories, however, among those who appeal to the concepts "male" and "female", you can set dominant trends and assessments. Phraseological fund, according to researchers (V. N. Teliya, Yu. P. Solodub, D. O. Dobrovolsky), displays and fixes in national language, cultural stereotypes or other people, as well as through the reproduction basic patterns of a certain language picture of the world expresses in general the mentality of the linguo- cultural community. However, cultural significance images displayed in phraseology (for example male/female opposition), most fully will be revealed "only when matching this very figurative content, manifested in the "literal" reading of phraseolo