Phraseological units with a colorative component as a fragment of the linguistic picture of the world (based on the material of russian, english and karakalpak languages)

Аннотация

The study examines phraseologisms in the English, Karakalpak, and Russian languages that have a colorative component. The comparative study of languages from various language families and the analysis of phraseologisms – which are the aspects that most vividly express the cultural peculiarity of ethnic groups – are prerequisites for the work’s relevance. The comprehensive examination of phraseological units demonstrates the scientific novelty. The study’s theoretical significance stems from its examination of the phraseological equivalence issue. The comparative approach and the lexicographic analysis method are the main research techniques. Keywords: equivalence, symbol, evaluativeness, phraseology, phraseologism and colorative component. The choice of the topic is due to the fact that the Russian, English and Karakalpak language cultures have a large number of phraseological units containing a deep inner meaning. Color is one of the environmental factors affecting a person. Color characteristics are the most important component of the visual perception process. Color designations are a way of self–expression. Scientists have formulated 9 main functions of color, among which, in our opinion, the most important are the following: aesthetic, expressive, communicative and identification. The object of the study was phraseological units with a colorative component in the Russian, English and Karakalpak languages. The results of a person’s cognition of the objective world in the course of his life are recorded in the so-called picture of the world. The term was introduced in the XIX- XX centuries by G. Hertz and M. The Planck concerning the physical picture of the world, a in the field of linguistics arose thanks to the scientific works of researcher L. Weisgerber. This phenomenon is interpreted by anthropologist Robert Redfield as a worldview characteristic of a certain ethnic group; it is a certain, subjective vision of oneself, one’s actions, life and the world. A picture of the world is «a certain image of the world that is never its mirror image» [5, p. 60]. A person’s perception of the world and himself is reflected in language, which is the most important way of forming and storing knowledge, since ethnic realities have a direct impact on language and its semantics. That is why the linguistic reflection of reality differs from reality as such. The totality of ideas about the world received by mankind as a result of not only cognition of reality, but also of life activity as a whole, captured in a linguistic form, is defined as a linguistic picture of the world. For the first time this term was introduced by V. von Humboldt, whose doctrine of a special worldview arose within the framework of classical German philosophy in the early nineteenth century. 135 XXI CENTURY RENAISSANCE IN THE PARADIGM OF SCIENCE, EDUCATION AND TECHNOLOGY INNOVATIONS The study of the linguistic picture of the world was carried out by such linguists as F. Schlegel, A.A. Potebnya, E. Sepir, B.L. Wharf. Among the Russian researchers, one can single out F.F. Fortunatov, N.D. Arutyunova, Yu.N. Karaulov. This linguistic phenomenon causes linguists a large number of questions due to the variety of interpretations. Due to the fact that scientists, tracing the linguistic picture of the world, focus on certain aspects of the concept, definitions cannot become generally accepted, however, the whole variety of interpretations is reduced to a narrow and broad understanding of the phenomenon: 1. The linguistic picture of the world is understood as a subjective perception of the objective world through the prism of linguistic activity. 2. The linguistic picture of the world is understood as a kind of scheme of perception of reality, fixed in the language. Thus, according to the assumption of linguist V.A.Maslova, the linguistic picture of the world is a formative link of human self- and world perception, setting the norms of behavior in society and reflecting the perception of the surrounding world: «it is the linguistic picture of the world that determines communicative behavior, understanding of the external world and the inner world of a person. It reflects the way of speech-thinking activity characteristic of a particular epoch, with its spiritual, cultural and national values» [3, p.65]. The phraseological picture of the world is an integral part of the linguistic picture of the world, since phraseological units often reflect the national character. Phraseological units are reproducible phrases that have a holistic meaning. «The phraseological fund of the language is a valuable source of information about the culture and mentality of the people, in which the people’s ideas about myths, customs, rituals, habits, morals, behavior are preserved» [3, p.43]. Thus, phraseological units secondary reflect the vision of the world not of individuals or social groups, but of the whole people, his social system, ideology. Phraseology as an independent