Hatamov S.M.

Аннотация

This article explores the modern classification of sciences, the central role of psychology in the system of scientific knowledge, and the interaction between psychology and other disciplines. The methodology for identifying psychology’s place in the classification of sciences using basic combinatorial arguments is presented. Keywords: Classification of sciences, psychology, triangle of sciences, epistemology, combinatorial argument. within the system of sciences at the end of the 19th Introduction: In the modern era, the broad fields that century. This development is based on objective reality, make up the entire system of sciences have been as psychology represents one of the fundamental conditionally divided into three major groups: natural aspects of cognition. sciences, social sciences, and technical sciences. Each of these groups differs in subject matter and methods. Today, the classification of sciences proposed by At the same time, they do not operate in isolation; Russian philosopher and science methodologist B. M. instead, they actively interact with each other, and Kedrov is considered to be the most relevant. He some fields occupy an intermediate position between distinguishes two primary scientific objects: nature the groups. (organic and inorganic) and humans (human society and consciousness). Based on the unique features of Modern natural sciences are divided into mechanics, these objects, natural and humanitarian sciences are physics, chemistry, biology, and geology based on their distinguished; the latter are further divided into social subject matter and epistemological methods. Social and philosophical sciences. Thus, B. M. Kedrov sciences are classified into the humanities and social identified three main branches of scientific knowledge, sciences (history, philosophy, sociology, economic each representing a complex of disciplines [1]. theory, political science, etc.). This classification is nonlinear in nature and is Aim. To examine the modern classification of sciences, presented in the form of a "triangle of sciences," the main role of psychology in the system of scientific reflecting multidimensional relationships based on the knowledge, and its interaction with other sciences, as proximity of the disciplines to each other (Figure 1). well as to present a method for identifying psychology's place in this classification using basic combinatorial Figure 1. B.M. Kedrov’s classification of sciences arguments. The relationships between sciences follow these Research Tasks. Psychology only secured its place principles: American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 316 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajsshr American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research (ISSN: 2771-2141) The principle of progression from lower to higher levels comparative psychology, and psychophysiology; of development; With medical sciences – through pathopsychology, The principle of objectivity, since sciences and their medical psychology, neuropsychology, and research subjects are interconnected and should be psychopharmacology placed accordingly; With pedagogical sciences – through developmental, The principle of scientific development governed by the educational, and special psychology; internal laws of science and knowledge evolution. With technical sciences – through engineering According to Kedrov's classification, psychology has psychology [2]. close links with many disciplines, occupying a central Research Methodology and Methods. position not only as a product of these sciences but also At different historical stages, the classification of as a potential explanatory source for their sciences and the place of psychology within it have development. Psychology’s position is due to the been determined by the level of development of closeness of its subject and methods to those of other psychological knowledge and philosophy as the sciences, with its orientation depending on specific methodology of science. It is noteworthy that no other tasks, aligning with one side of the triangle. field of knowledge has changed its position within the B. M. Kedrov emphasizes that psychology is located system of sciences as frequently as psychology closer to philosophical sciences within the triangle, throughout the history of society’s intellectual rather than symmetrically across its edges. For development. example, thinking is a subject not only of psychology The issue of psychology’s position in the system of but also of dialectics and logic. sciences was given special attention by the According to B. F. Lomov, the main role of psychology methodologist Mario Augusto Bunge. He concluded in the system of scientific knowledge lies in its ability to that over the past century, the relationship between synthesize achievements from other fields and serve as social sciences and biology has evolved, giving rise to a an integrator of sciences whose research object is the new "overlapping domain" which led to