Развитие мыслей об этногенезе узбекского народа (от А. Ю. Якубовского до наших дней)

Аннотация

The article outlines the evolutionary views of Uzbek ethnogenesis and ethnic history. Historical, ethnographical, archaeological, anthropological, linguistic scientific literature, their concepts and the methodology of historian scientists have not been studied in whole or in part on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people. This scientific article is a scientific research, which explores the topic in detail and encourages to the scientific reasoning and research. The article reflects monographs, articles, published in various publications and press releases of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Particularly, scientific researches conducted by historians such as A. Yu. Yakubovsky, S. Tolstov, A. A. Semeyonov, B. A. Litvinsky, K. Sh. Shoniyazov, A. Askarov, Rakhim Masov and others, their views and its basis were given in the article. During years of the independence, scientists have conducted scientific research on the ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people, its gradual intensification and prosperity. In the works of Jabborov new findings on ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people on the basis of written sources and partly archeological findings have been made. А. А. Askarov, T. K. Hodjaev and other’s works have studied not only ethnogenesis, but also ethnic history issues on the basis of archaeological and anthropological research. The research of Uzbek anthropologists enriched the ethnogenesis of Uzbeks and proved the truthfulness of the findings of historians, ethnographers and archeologists. This article demonstrates the objective approach in the coverage of the ethnogenesis of the Uzbek people can be clearly seen and their analysis is understandable. Keywords and expressions: Uzbeks, ethnos, ethnonym, ethnic groups, ethnicity, ethnogenesis, ethnic history, national identity, turkic language, scientific views. Кириш. Бугунги кунда Марказий Осиё давлатларида турли соҳаларда кечаётган ҳамкорлик, дўстлик, тарихий бирдамликка интилишдан ташқари мунозара, муҳокама, зиддият ва қарама-қаршиликлар ҳам тез-тез содир бўл- моқда. Хусусан, минтақадаги халқларнинг этник тарихини ўрганишга бўлган илмий тадқиқотлар1, қарашлар2, фикрлар баъзида тарих саҳифаларида 1 Yakubovskiy A.Yu. O'zbek xalqining yuzaga kelishi haqida masalasi. [About the emergence of the Uzbek people] T.: O'ZFAN 1941. Tolstov S.P. Osnovnye muammy etnogeneza narodov Srednee Azii. [The main problems of the ethnogenesis of the peoples of Central Asia] SE.1947. Semenov A.A. K voprosu o proisxojdenii i sostave ubekbekov Shayboniy-xana: Materialy po istoriya tajikov i uzbekov Sredney Azii.[To the question of the origin and composition of Uikekbekov Shayboniy-Khan: Materials on the history of the tagges and Uzbeks of Central Asia] Vypusk 1. Trudy, tom XII,Stalinabad,1954. Shoniyozov K.Sh. O'zbek xalqing shakllanish jarayoni.[The formation process of the Uzbek people] T.: "Sharq", 2001. Litvinskiy B.A. Etnogenez i etnicheskaya istoriya narodov Sredney Azii i Kazaxstan v drevnosti i srednevekovoe (theoreticheskie aspekty). [Ethnogenesis and the ethnic history of the peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan in ancient times and medieval (theuretic aspects)] Moscow.1990. Askarov A.A. Nekotorye aspekty izucheniya ethnogeneza i etnicheskoy istorii uzbekskogo naroda.[Some aspects of the study of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the Uzbek people] Masov R. Rodivshiysya na glazax istorii (K voprosu obrazovaniya Uzbekskoy SSR). www.ia-centr.ru[Born in front of history (On the formation of the Uzbek SSR)] 2 Oshanin L.B. Etnogenez narodov Srednee Azii v svette dannyx anthropologii [Ethnogenesis of the peoples of Central Asia in the light of anthropology]// SE - 1947. Bernshtam A.N. Drevney tyurkskie element v etnogeneza Sredney Azii[Ancient Turkic element in the ethnogenesis of 92 – SHARQSHUNOSLIK / ВОСТОКОВЕДЕНИЕ / ORIENTAL STUDIES 2019, № 1 2 ноўрин ишлатилмоқда. Зеро, Ўзбекистон Республикаси Биринчи Президенти Ислом Каримов таъкидлаганидек: “….Тарих хотираси миллий ўзликни англаш- ни, таъбир жоиз бўлса, миллий ифтихорни тиклаш ва ўстириш жараёнида ғоят муҳим ўрин тутади”1. Шундай экан, ўз тарихимизни теран англаб етиш, ўзлигимизни билишга қаратилган асосий ечимдир. Давлатимиз раҳбари Шавкат Мирзиёевнинг 2016 йилнинг 29 декабрида қабул қилинган “Ўзбекистон Республикаси Фанлар академияси академик- лари фаолиятини такомиллаштириш ва рағбатлантириш” тўғрисидаги ПФ- 4907-сонли фармонида мамлакатимиз ижтимоий-иқтисодий тараққиётида илм-фаннинг ўрнини янада мустаҳкамлаш, академиклар фаолиятини ҳар томонлама қўллаб-қувватлаш, юқори малакали илмий кадрлар тайёрлаш сифатини оширишни рағбатлантириш мақсадида бир қатор муҳим чора- тадбирлар белгиланган. Илм-фан тараққиётида фундаментал тадқиқотлар муҳим аҳамият касб этади. Фан, таълим ва ишлаб чиқариш интеграциясини янада такомиллаштириш муҳимлиги алоҳида қайд этилди. Ҳозирги кунимизга қадар Республикамизнинг тарихчи, этнограф, археолог, антрополог, лингвист олимлари ушбу масала юзасидан катта и