ISOLATION AND STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF LECTIN EXTRACTED FROM PHASEOLUS VULGARIS SEEDS

Аннотация

This study investigates the extraction and characterization of lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris seeds. Lectins are carbohydrate-binding glycoproteins known for their wide range of biological activities, including antimicrobial and anticancer effects. The seeds were extracted in phosphate-buffered saline, and incubation time was optimized. Maximum protein yield (42.7 mg) was obtained after 10 hours. Ammonium sulfate at 75–80% concentration was most effective for protein precipitation, coinciding with peak hemagglutination activity. Purification was performed using gel filtration on a Sephadex G-75 column. The biological activity of lectin was tested at different temperatures and pH levels. High activity was observed at 20–25°C and pH 5.0–8.0. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the molecular weight of lectin to be around 62–63 kDa. The findings confirm that Phaseolus vulgaris lectin is a stable and active protein with promising applications in biotechnology and pharmaceutical research