Reforms Implemented in The Medical and Healthcare System of Uzbekistan In the Early Years of Independence: Problems and Achievements (In the Example of Jizakh Region)

Аннотация

This article examines the implementation of health care reform measures in the first years of independence in the Jizzakh region, focusing on hospitals located in several regional districts. It also analyzes the potential of doctors, nurses, and pharmacists, who are the guardians of health care, the role of women working in the system, the level of training of health care institutions, and the current problems and achievements in the field. Keywords: Measures to reform the healthcare system, medical institutions, problems in the healthcare system, doctors, nurses, female doctors, rural medical stations, family clinics, material and technical base of medical institutions, medical equipment, medicines, gynecology, obstetrics, pediatrics, FAP (paramedic-obstetric stations). being born with hereditary and congenital diseases was Introduction: From the first years of independence, the beginning of positive achievements [1]. within the framework of the implementation of measures to reform the healthcare system in our So, how was the implementation of measures to Republic, specific work began to be carried out to form reform the healthcare system ensured within the a modern system of providing medical care to the Jizzakh region in the first years of independence? How population, and despite a difficult period, certain did it proceed at the level of districts? What was the results were achieved. In particular, the system of level of capacity of doctors, nurses, and pharmacists providing primary medical and sanitary care was who were the guardians of healthcare? What was the improved by initially organizing rural medical stations, position of women working in this system? What was urban and rural family polyclinics, and the population's the level of training of medical institutions? What were access to these services was expanded. A single the existing problems in the field? Who were the centralized system of providing emergency medical winners? care was created, and the network of republican According to statistical analyses, in 1991, more than specialized scientific and practical medical centers 2,500 doctors and pharmacists with higher education providing medical care to citizens, including on the and about 6,800 middle-level medical workers worked ground, was improved. effectively in the health care institutions of our region. A number of targeted national programs have been Of these, 6 are health care workers who have rendered implemented to strengthen the reproductive health of service in the Republic, 14 are candidates of medical the population and protect motherhood and sciences, and more than 700 category doctors have childhood. The establishment of republican and devoted all their knowledge and skills to the cause of regional screening centers to prevent children from human health[2,3-b]. International Journal Of History And Political Sciences 9 https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijhps International Journal Of History And Political Sciences (ISSN – 2771-2222) Also, in 1991, there were 3 medical schools in the " Our thirteenth five-year plans reflect the work we will region, which trained more than 1,000 mid-level do to solve the above problems," writes E. Ermatov. medical workers for healthcare institutions. More than According to specific measures: 700 doctors improved their skills in higher medical -Construction of an additional 120-bed medical facility, institutions in Moscow, Leningrad, Kazan, Kharkov, increasing the number of beds to 825, Tashkent, Samarkand and other cities [3, ibid.]. -establishment of departments for treating patients Sources show that the achievements in maintaining with anemia and chronic kidney disease, as well as public health in hospitals, not only in our region, but vascular diseases, which were not previously also throughout the Republic, since independence, established in our region, have led to a decrease in various diseases due to the -specialized medical care types amounted to 28 types improvement of the quality of medical care provided to until 1991, and will be increased to 35 types in the the population, the increase in the number of beds in future, existing hospitals, and the re-equipment with modern equipment. -retraining 20-25% of doctors every year, the implementation of measures to reform the -Training 2 neurologists and 2 hematologists to healthcare system in terms of the activities of the implement new methods of vascular surgery, Jizzakh regional hospital and district hospitals located -provide close assistance to district hospital staff, in several districts. - implementing measures to teach other hospital We can see from the sources that by 1991, the Jizzakh specialists the procedures used at the regional hospital, Regional Hospital team had achieved a number of Sources indicate that these plans and measures were successes in providing qualified medical services to the later put into practice [6, ibid.]. population. For example, a department for treating I