ELIMINATING FACTORS THAT CAUSE DEFECTS IN THE STORAGE OF RAW SILK

Аннотация

The research conducted shows that inrecent years, the sericulture industry, including theprocesses from silkworm farming to the production of silkproducts, and the equipment used in these processes, have been improving. Currently, to ensure the continuous operation of sericulture enterprises, silkworms are stored in thewarehouses ofsilkworm breeding enterprises. Although this may seem like a simple situation, it is of great technological significance. This is because during storage, the silkworms are exposed to environmental factors, metrological conditions, various pests, and other factors, leading to the disruption of the structure of the silkworm layers, damage to the silk layers, and the aging of sericin. Experiments have shown that when the storage period exceeds 11-12 months, raw silk yield decreases by 6.5%, the silk's flexibility decreases by 7.1%, and as a result, during the spinning process, the loss in output increases by1.6%,whiletherecovery rate increases by1.3%. Keywords: Cocoon, defective cocoon, cocoon lotion, Bardo and Sivuš oils, silk rings, chemical andbiological mixtures, rawsilk. Our republic occupies a leading position in the cultivation of raw materials essential for the textile industry, such as cotton, natural silk, hemp, and wool, and plays an important role in the economy while fulfilling the population's needs[1]. Additionally, the products produced are used in other industrial sectors for technical purposes. In the context of the development of the market economy, especially during a period of global financial crisis, it becomes critically important to effectively utilize local raw materials, expand the range of consumer goods, improve their quality, increase the export potential of textile enterprises, and produce import- substitutingproducts[2]. As emphasized by our President, it is necessary to export not cheap raw materials but high- quality finished products. To expand export opportunities and enter global markets, it is essential to develop joint ventures that produce finished goods based on the processing of valuable raw materials. Modern compact enterprises should be built in cooperation with foreign partners and located near rural areas, which are sources of labor[3]. Moreover, the silk industry is one ofthe majorproduction sectors in the Republic ofUzbekistan, and it holds a leading position in the world in terms of cocoon production and processing [4]. Therefore, this sector becomes asignificant export source forindependent Uzbekistan [5]. The government has set a goal in its targeted program to establish silk enterprises based on modern technologies and advanced techniques in our regions and to ensure that at least 70% of theproduced products are exported [6]. Currently, cocoons are stored in silkworm storage warehouses to ensure the continuous operation of sericulture enterprises[7]. While this may seem like a simple matter, it holds significant importance for technological processes. The preservation of cocoons leads to structural damage to the cocoon layers, the deterioration of the silk layer, and the aging of 34 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ISSN:2692-5206,ImpactFactor:12,23 AmericanAcademicpublishers,volume05,issue08,2025 Journal: https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai sericin due to environmental conditions, meteorological factors, pests, and other influences[8]. Experimental data shows that if the storage period exceeds 11-12 months [9], the yield of raw silk decreases by 6.5%, and the tenderness decreases by 7.1%, while the cocoon's weight increases by 1.6%, and the yield from the boiling process increases by 1.3% [10]. Long-term storage of the cocoons results in damage caused by various pests and rodents [11]. The appearance of termites is due to environmental pollution. Currently, one of the pests found in silkworm warehouses is An Aremus Slavipes. When studied, it was found that this pest, with an oval shape and white, yellow, and black spots on its body, damages the cocoon and its contents, andovertime, damages thecocoon shell [12]. The appearance and multiplication of termites significantly damage the silkworm industry. They are found mainly in the initial processing bases and storage warehouses [13]. Termites thrive in decayed cocoon shells or defective cocoons, bird nests, and their larvae [14]. The study revealed that certain types of termites, such as Dermester Yandarius, O. masulatus, and Srischie, are particularly dangerous for sericulture [14]. The larvae of the Dermester species destroy thewooden parts of buildings and create nests, laterbecoming beetles that fly away[15]. To protect the cocoons in sericulture and cocoon processing, it is essential to carry out repairs in storage facilities and closed rooms before accepting new crops and to close any holes and cracks. All areas where the cocoon is stored and the surrounding environment should be disinfected using a 80% technical chlorophos solution (1.9-2.3