Personal information protection in the context of cross-border e-commerce: challenges and systematization

Аннотация

In the context of globalization and Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology, 7(06), 49–52. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume07Issue06-09 digitalization, the rapid development of cross-border e- commerce has promoted the cross-border flow of personal information, but also brought challenges to COPYRIGHT © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms data security and privacy protection. The cross-border of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. transmission of personal information involves complex legal jurisdiction conflicts, and the regulatory systems of various countries vary significantly. The lack of unified international rules leads to high compliance costs for enterprises. China's "Personal Information Protection Law" and other laws and regulations have established a framework for personal information protection, but there are still problems such as insufficient legal connection and weak industry self-discipline mechanism. In order to optimize the governance system, we can learn from Singapore's "regulatory sandbox" model, promote technological innovation, and strengthen regional cooperation. In the future, it is necessary to balance security and development, establish a hierarchical and classified protection system, and form a governance network of government, enterprise, technology, and international collaboration to protect citizens' rights and promote the sustainable development of cross-border e-commerce. Keywords: Cross-border e-commerce; personal information; protection system. Introduction: In an era where globalization and digitalization are intertwined, cross-border e-commerce has become an important engine for international The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 49 https://www.theamericanjournals.com/index.php/tajpslc The American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology trade. According to data from the Ministry of 15%; for individuals, a data leak on an e-commerce Commerce of China, the scale of China's cross-border platform in 2018 caused millions of users to suffer from e-commerce imports and exports will reach 2.38 precision fraud. This value conflict is particularly trillion yuan in 2023, a year-on-year increase of 15.6%. prominent in cross-border e-commerce. For example, in [1] In 2024, the scale of China's cross-border e- 2022, an international logistics company was fined 2 commerce market will exceed 17 trillion yuan, with million euros by the European Union and investigated exports accounting for more than 70%. In 2024, the by the State Administration for Market Regulation of scale of the cross-border e-commerce market will China for illegally transmitting customer information. exceed 17 trillion yuan, and exports will account for 2. Governance difficulties caused by cross-border e- more than 70%.[2] Behind this prosperous scene is the commerce cross-border flow of massive personal information - Regulatory systems in different countries are different from consumers' delivery addresses, payment and there is no unified law and practice internationally. information to corporate user portrait data. While Many countries have enacted personal information promoting business efficiency, this information also protection legislation, but the regulatory systems and faces unprecedented security challenges. Personal strictness of each country are different. In particular, information protection is not only related to citizens' cross-border e-commerce, as a form of international basic rights, but also involves the balance between trade, involves politics, administration, customs and national data sovereignty and the development of the other aspects. Different value orientations and digital economy. When a Beijing consumer buys regulatory systems may have an impact on the rights German goods through a cross-border e-commerce and interests of personal information subjects, national platform, his personal information may pass through a data sovereignty, and the development of digital trade Singapore server and eventually be processed by a US in the country. Different countries and regions have data analysis company. This complex cross-border different provisions and strictness for cross-border scenario makes the traditional legal framework seem transmission of personal information, and there is stretched, and it is urgent to build a new governance currently no unified law and international practice to system that takes into account both security and regulate it, which makes cross-border personal mobility. information protection difficult. The conflict of legal