Criminogenic Factors of Female Criminality: Legal and Social Analysis

Аннотация

This article systematically examines the criminogenic factors influencing the formation of female criminality and reveals the legal and social mechanisms of their interaction. The study is based on content analysis of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, relevant by-laws, Supreme Court plenary decisions, and court verdicts issued between 2018 and 2024. The data were grouped by gender, age, type of crime, motive, and sentencing criteria, and covariance analysis was conducted using the STATA-17 package. The results indicate that female criminality is primarily linked to economic instability, domestic violence, labor migration, psychological trauma, and emerging threats in the digital environment. In law enforcement practice, the insufficient consideration of gender-specific psychophysiological factors has led to incorrect qualification of crimes and imbalances in the individualization of punishment. The article develops recommendations to improve legislation and judicial-investigative practices for the prevention of female criminality.