Humanism and Ethical Idealism of Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur

Аннотация

This paper explores the humanistic and ethical ideals in the philosophical worldview of Zahiriddin Muhammad Babur (1483–1530), the founder of the Mughal Empire and a prominent poet-thinker of the Islamic East. Through an analysis of his autobiographical work Baburnama and lyrical poetry, the study highlights Babur’s commitment to moral self-awareness, justice in governance, respect for human dignity, and introspective leadership. His humanism is reflected in his appreciation of inner virtue over social status, his tolerance toward cultural and religious diversity, and his Sufi-influenced understanding of love as a means of spiritual refinement. Babur’s ethical idealism is expressed through his self-critical reflections, his critique of tyranny, and his moral interpretation of political responsibility. The article argues that Babur represents a unique synthesis of statesmanship and moral philosophy, offering a legacy that remains relevant for contemporary discussions on ethical leadership and intercultural humanism.