STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF TERMS IN THE FIELD OF PRIMARY PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY OF NATURAL FIBERS (COTTON)

Аннотация

This article includes theemergence of theinitial processing of natural cotton fiber, its development stages. At the same time, the factors that led to the improvement and enrichment of the terminology of this field are highlighted. In the article, the terms of the field of technology of preliminary processing of natural fibers (cotton) are cross-analyzed in English andUzbek, theirsimilarities and differences are identified. Key words: terminology, term, hand ginning machine, hopper, wire hooks, stationary pile, cylinder, vacuum box, fan, lint, distributor, valve, bed knitting machine, biorepository, straight bladed wheel. Writing about the field of terminology, V.M. Leychik: "The term functions as a specific language unit, it allows to define a special field of human knowledge, to correctly define the general concepts specific to this field and relevant within the framework of a certain theory. gives," he says1. It can be seen that the terminology of the field of primary processing technology of natural fibers (cotton) also serves to reveal the knowledge related to this field, to correctly express concepts andlexical units. Academician V.V. Vinogradov comments as follows: "There are two points of view in the creation and definition of the term: "structural-linguistic" and "spiritual-semantic" conditioned by the development of this or that science, this or that production, this or that craft concept system ", in terms of history, cultural and historical traditions, these two sides are mutually dependent."2 Of course, the terms related to the field of primary processing technology of natural fibers (cotton) selected for our research contribute to the development of the system of production concepts in this field, and we approach these terms linguistically and semantically, takinginto account ourcultural andhistorical customs and traditions. Cotton natural fiber is considered one of the oldest natural fibers, its history goes back several thousand years. Cotton first grew in nature as a wild plant, but later people domesticated it and planted it themselves, obtained fibers from it, and began to use the fibers to make various clothes and household items. 1ЛейчикВ.М.ШелловС.Д.Лингвистическиепроблемытерминологииинаучно-техническийперевод. Ч.II.Выпуск18-й.–М.,1990.–80с. 2ВиноградовВ.В.Грамматикарусскогоязыка.–М.:Высшаяшкола,1972.–237p. 98,7:ROTCAFTCAPMI .SECNEICSLACIDEM ,5202, enuJ,5emuloV gro.srehsilbupcimedaca.www Picking the cotton crop, separating it from the seed and turning it into fiber was done by hand at first. First of all, the cotton seed was separated by hand, then the first manual mechanism, hand ginning machine was discovered. The British also used a machine called a gin machine, similar in appearance to “chigirik” (hand ginning machine) used by the Uzbek people. There is no clear information in either English or Uzbek about when and who invented the first hand ginning machine. (SeeFigure 1) Figure 1 In 1973, Eli Whitney, an American, invented the Cotton Gin machine, which separates cotton from the seed. This cotton ginning machine consists of four parts, and in addition to making a great contribution to the development of the industry by increasing work productivity, it also contributed to the enrichment of the terminology of this industry with new terms such as hopper, wire hooks,stationary pile, cylinder, channels.(SeeFigure 2) Figure 2 98,7:ROTCAFTCAPMI .SECNEICSLACIDEM ,5202, enuJ,5emuloV gro.srehsilbupcimedaca.www Later, the machines were improved, and the mechanized gin machine entered the field. This machine is different from the previous manual machines, it was powered by electricity and it made people comfortable. Through this, the lexical level of field terminology was enriched withterms such as belt, vacuum box, fan, lint,distributor, valve, flue.(See Figure 3) Figure 3 Although the terminology has been developing since thebeginning of thetwentieth century, the age of technology began. It made a big turn in the field of linguistics, including terminology, along with all sections of society. Along with all directions, techniques have continuously entered the field of primary processing technology of natural fibers (cotton). Along with this field, the terminology of the field has also experienced an unprecedented development. (See Figure 4) Figure 4 Techniques include the electro-optical method, the High Volume Instrument, ultra-modern biomaterials, single bed knitting machine, double introduced new terms such as bed knitting machine, biorepository, straight bladed wheel. In this way, the terminology continued to evolveand continues tothis day. The book "Devonu Lug'ati-t-Turk" (Dictionary of Turkish Words) by Mahmud Kashghari, which is considered the first complete dictionary of Turkish languages, contains the words of our Turkish language and their explanations. In this dictionary, we can find more than 98,7:ROTCAFTCAPMI .SECNEICSLACIDEM ,5202, enuJ,5emuloV gro.srehsilbupcimedaca.www forty