Small Business Models in The Field of Freight and Passenger Transportation in Uzbekistan

Аннотация

This article discusses the concept of ACCEPTED 10 May 2025 PUBLISHED 19 June 2025 receivables and payables from the point of view of VOLUME Vol.05 Issue06 2025 accounting, defines the essence of the analysis of receivables and payables at the present stage of development of economic relations, on which the stability of the financial position of the company COPYRIGHT depends both at the current moment and in the future © 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License. of its further development. At the same time, it should be noted that an uncontrolled increase in receivables and payables can lead to a decrease in the liquidity of current assets and the solvency of the organization, on the one hand, and a loss of financial stability, on the other. Accounts receivable that is not returned in a timely manner depreciates assets, reducing their value in the face of inflation, and an uncontrolled increase in accounts payable creates the risk of claims from creditors for the bankruptcy of organizations. In addition, non-payment by debtors of the amount of debt on time can lead to untimely fulfillment of the organization's obligations to creditors, tax authorities, etc., which will necessitate the attraction of new credit and borrowed funds and, as a result, an increase in cost due to the payment of interest, a decrease in financial result. The article also suggests ways to optimize and improve the organization of settlements with counterparties of the organization. Keywords: Analysis, receivables and payables, assessment, financial condition, solvency, sustainability, contractors, suppliers, risks, optimization. Introduction: Funds from accounts receivable are one of the main sources of cash for a manufacturing enterprise. If customers do not fulfill their obligations on time, the enterprise will experience a cash deficit, the enterprise's need for current assets to finance its current activities will increase, and its financial Journal of Management and Economics 27 https://eipublication.com/index.php/jme Journal of Management and Economics condition will deteriorate. This, in turn, will necessitate Accounts receivable and accounts payable are one of changes in the accounting relationships between the the problems encountered in the activities of enterprise and its customers, and the development of enterprises and economic entities. However, exceeding an appropriate policy aimed at repaying loans and the norm of accounts receivable and accounts payable debts. and exceeding the payment deadline can lead to a deterioration in the financial condition of enterprises In addition, any business entity focuses its main and disruptions in the production process. This not only attention on control not only on accounts receivable, leads to negative consequences for the activities of but also on accounts payable. Therefore, one of the enterprises, but also reduces budget revenues and main tasks of control over the movement of debts is to negatively affects the macroeconomic stability of the reduce the level of accounts receivable to an amount country. Therefore, the issue of accounts receivable and that does not exceed the level of accounts payable. accounts payable, as a matter of state importance, is Continuous control over receivables should ensure always under state control. In particular, great attention that debts are repaid on time, avoiding delays and is paid to overdue debts. Preventing the growth of penalties. overdue debts and developing measures to reduce Accounts receivable lead to a decrease in cash in the them is one of the issues facing the management of enterprise, which in turn leads to disruption of every enterprise and organization today. production continuity. Therefore, it is important to Taking this into account, it is necessary to emphasize establish continuous control over accounts receivable. that the proper organization and improvement of the It is important for management to take punitive analysis of receivables and payables in business entities measures or bring debtors to some kind of liability for is one of the most urgent issues in today's conditions of accounts receivable that have not been repaid on time. the ongoing global financial and economic crisis. In accounting, the term "debtor" refers to an individual Analysis of literature on the topic or legal entity that is indebted to a particular The issues of production costs in economic entities are enterprise. The term "creditor" refers to an individual given a lot of attention in normative legal documents or legal entity that owes a particular enterprise. That and works of economists. is, other enterprises have obligations to this enterprise in terms of settlements. In this case, obligations that According to Doctor of Economics, Professor B.A. must be paid by the enterprise are considered credit Khasanov, "Profit and profitability are one of the obligations, and obligations t