ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF PRECANCEROUS DISEASES OF THE ORAL MUCOSA

Аннотация

This article discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of precancerous diseases of the oral mucosa. Despite the fact that the maxillofacial region is accessible for visual examination, despite progress in studying the etiology and pathogenesis of oral mucosal (OM) cancer, the survival rate of such patients has practically not increased over the past 30 years: mortality in this pathology is high and, according to global data, exceeds 50%. According to the Globocan (Global Cancer Observatory) international project, 377713 cases of SOR cancer were registered in the world in 2020 (13th place in the cancer incidence ranking). The average global incidence of OM cancer is 4 cases per 100,000 population per year. The issues of early and effective diagnosis of precancerous conditions and oncological processes in the oral cavity are very relevant. Timely detection and treatment of a precancerous lesioneliminates the threat of its transformation into a malignant tumor.